TITLE: BURMA’S NUCLEAR AMBITIONS



1. TEASE (pacey)Generals Best TunnelsGenerals tunnelsphotos Burma’s ruling generals have started a program to build nuclear weapons.Sai t105: 44.42the purpose is they really want a bomb that is their main objectiveBOB:it seems that it is anuclear weapons programme because there is no conceivable use for this for nuclear power or anything like that. They are trying to develop long-range missiles.SAI: 05.07:They want to have the rockets and nuclear warheadElections later this year are aimed at convincing the world they are moving towards democracy.But fearing attack from the United States and an uprising by their own people, Burma’s generals are instead digging themselves in with a nationwide network of bunkers.ALH 30.52 it is for their own safety that the government has invested heavily into those tunnel those tunnel projects. 31.04
2. Extend shots With top-secret material gathered over five years, we can reveal how Burma is trying to become the next nuclear-armed North Korea.
3. TITLES: MYANMAR’S NUCLEAR AMBITIONS
4. EW Studio PTC EWMy name is Evan Williams I am a journalist based in London and I have been covering Myanmar the country formally known as Burma now for more than 15 years. Last year the Democratic Voice of Burma an exiled media group based in Oslo Norway approached me with information that they said proved that the generals ruling their country had started a program to eventually acquire nuclear weapons and that they were also digging a series of defensive bunkers throughout the country DVB hired me and together we set out to try and piece together what exactly was going on inside one of the world’s most secret countries.What you are about to see is the result of that investigation.All the information has been gathered at great personal risk to those people involved including a courageous Burmese Army defector who’s only just been able to leave the country.
5. Sai unpacking At a safe house in Thailand a defector from Burma’s army unpacks the few possessions he fled the country with.
6. Before leaving he also smuggled out thousands of files detailing a secret program by Burma’s ruling general to eventually build nuclear weapons.
7. Sai They want to produce a bomb nuclear bombs for warfare.
8. Sai in uniform Sai Thein Win was a major in Burma’s Army. He was deputy commander of a top-secret military factor near a place named Myiang.
9. factory Parts made here and in another military factory are sent to a secret facility seven miles from a town called Tha Beik Kyin.He says this is the headquarters of the army’s nuclear battalion. It’s here he says the regime is trying to build a nuclear reactor and enrich uranium for weapons.
10. DVB Broadcast Sai decided to defect with his devastating material when he saw a broadcast by the Democratic Voice of Myanmar, or DVB.
11. (Broadcast upsot) It revealed another secret military program.
12. Answering the phone Answering the phone
13. MMN in office on computerMST12.11.20 on computer (upsot MMN on computer)For the past five years DVB’s operations manager Nanda has been receiving top-secret information from deep within the Regime’s classified database.
14. MST12.41.31 MMN calls up Tunnel Files It revealed the regime was digging network of secret bunkers.
15. MST8MORE TO HERE MST*. 07.33 (w-two shot but can use voice over pics) MMN: They are constructing a very big tunnel in different areas all over the country.
16. Taungyi Pictures and files (upsot our tunnel drone music)
17. ASTON:ACTUAL MILITARY FILES The information he received contained thousands of photographs.(pause)…Plans and drawings for a bunker system some are dug into the earth,…… other larger caverns bored into rock.
18. MORE BUNKER PICS The files marked the bunkers as military and showed they were being built across the country.Often built by civilians – but all for the army.DVB showed the files to one of the world’s leading Burma analysts.
19. Aston:BERTILE LINTNERBURMA ANALYST (LITTLE PAUSE) BL (Brief upsot from walking)BL: These are hundreds of pictures literally hundreds of pictures very close up of underground installations of machinery of equipment we are not quite sure what it is blueprints drawings everything and I have never seen anything come of Burma like that before.
20. FOC MAP HERE Some bunkers are marked as sub-stations for an FOC, or Fibre Optic Cable. Its gives the military a nationwide secure communications network. But there were other bunkers too.
21. Def 2 looking over maps Soe Tint is a Burmese Army Defector.He was a Captain who taught officers strategy – including use of the new bunker system.
22. DEF 2I/V 1 I/V 1: 32.52 the underground tunnels are to store secret military weapons and equipment, to build and support a communications web, main stations and tunnels for command stations, tunnels to prevent airplanes from being bombarded and to protect military equipment. 33.20
23. But Soe Tint has been in the bunkers and says the larger ones are regional command posts.
24. Soe Tint this is a command post it can take between 100 and 300 people in order to avoid attack the entrance is not kept in a straight line but in a zig-zag way so that the main post couldn’t be attacked directly 39.00
25. Def 2 sees ASTON:ACTUAL MILITARY FILE The military’s files include this video of tunnels in Vietnam.
26. Def 2 I/V 1.00.20.25 Call up our our version. Start with the Vietnam tunnels 00.20.25 they got the idea from Vietnam. Tunnels helped them resist American aerial bombing. 02.34 the movements of their troops could be camouflaged and hidden 02.38 and the formation of the troops could be disguised. 02.43 by taking that as an example they learnt to use the tunnel system to carry out the militia strategy. they learnt that there. 20.52.
27. Two shots and whatever we can of him Myat Noe was a Major and Deputy Director of the regime’s Prime Minister’s office until he escaped a purge by defecting five years ago.
28. Interview Def 1I/V 1CUT IN SOME TUNNEL AND TROOPS PICS FROM THE /// 37.10 the digging of the tunnels is to do with a long-term aim so that the international community could not see them easily from the air and so that they cannot be bombed from the air. Preparations have been made in advance to avoid losses of their command posts and their supply and communications lines.37.37.
29. Army DayBREATH TO COLLECT THOUGHTS (LONG PAUSE OVER MUSIC)Sound lead the military musicBurma’s generals are a military junta that has ruled the country with an iron fist for fifty years.So why are they digging themselves in now.
30. BERTIL ABOUT 01.30) it may sound ridiculous but they are afraid of American air strikes (synch)They know they have been condemned by the united states they know America has bombed Iraq and Afghanistan and used drones to hit targets so they feel they may be targeted as well 01.41 therefore they are building all sorts of underground facilities
31. CUT IN A COUPLE OF BIGGER BUNKERS (pause and visual break – some bunkers)01.57 we are talking here about command bunkers where they can hide in case of an emergency or their leaders, we are talking about storage facilities for the military where they can store their weapons and maybe even produce weapons out of the prying eyes of the Americans or others.
32. 2007 UPRISING Defectors told us the regime’s other main fear – their own people, who most recently rose against military rule in protests led by Buddhist Monks in 2007.
33. SOUND LEAD over pictures AL H 30.07 …no one can go all the way inside the tunnel and demonstrate and that is part of their political consideration.
34. ALH Aung Lin Htut was a Major attached to Burma’s Embassy in Washington until he defected in 2004.
35. ALH Can CUT IN SOME SPECIFIC COMMAND CENTRE BLUEPRINTS AND PICTURES 30.22 living in tunnels they are in control and safe they can run administration and maintain a good command system. 30.34 moreover, they are protected from whoever America, Russia, China launch missile attacks it will be very hard for those missiles to reach in the tunnels. // CUT TO /// 30.52 it is for their own safety that the government has invested heavily into those tunnel projects. 31.04
36. Wide shots inside burma ADD (DRAMATIC MUSIC)DVB sent camera teams Inside Burma to try to find people who had seen the bunkers. But this is dangerous.Filming without the government’s authority in Burma can lead to at least ten years in prison.One camerawoman finally found a man who had been to the bunkers.
37. BIKE MAN 02.42 it is was surrounded by concrete walls Let’s say this is the mountain the tunnel is dug down through the hill It’s dug down first and then sideways forward then it expands below.There’s a very large and wide space down there.
38. DVB INSIDE CAMERAMENCameramen on bike/shakey camera/camera in bag (upsot music for inside)Further north in Shan State, another camera team was told of more hidden bunkers.
39. MAGWE (natsot or a little subtle music)Farmers told them the army had confiscated their land to build the bunkers.
40. (PAUSE) 00.46 they came with big machines and we found them digging big trenches? 00.56they didn’t allow outside people to come in and out only workers were allowed 01.01
41. Possibly replace shots with trees over bunker 03.25 They covered the big trench with concrete and earth they planted big trees and they tried to make the trees grow fast 03.33 03.38 if you look now the underground buildings have disappeared and looks like the jungle. 03.44
42. POOR PEOPLE Burma is a resource-rich nation.It has vast deposits of gems, minerals, gas, oil, teak and gold.And yet it remains one of the least developed nations on earth.The military government spends less on its people’s health and education that just about any country in the world.The United Nations says one in three children is malnourished, many thousands die of preventable disease before they are five.
43. MOVE TO HEREBUDGET FILES AND MILITARY ORDERS Yet DVB found documents showing the defence ministry demanding cash from civilian departments for it secret bunker project.
44. CHECK NATIONAL HEALTH BUDGET MMN The entire project is only for military they ask money from civilian departmentThis document orders 3 billion kyat, about three million US dollars for the bunkers – while health care spending here is one of the lowest in the world.It’s just one of many annual demands for its secret projects.
45. By examining the budget files the total cost of the bunker system between 2001 and 2007 could be more than 3 and a half billion US dollars.
46. Bertil 02.30 it is astronomical I mean the amount of money they are spending on these underground facilities would exceed the annual budget for any other item education of whatever but they are certainly spending millions if not billions of us dollars
47. FIRST ALJ PART BREAK 11.30
48. BORDER PICSASTON: BURMA BORDER We’d heard the cost of this project was causing anger even within the military itself.One army insider found by DVB agreed to cross this part of the border out of Burma to tell us why some soldiers were angry. He is a serving army engineer.
49. ENGINEER Many people sacrificed their skills and lives in there. I don’t like this. Ask us to do sensible thing. Ask us to do things that support people and improve their lives. The Junta is doing these things for their own sake.
50. Naypyidaw secret DVB footageBREATH (bit of a pause here over Naypyidaw pics)To maintain their hold on power the generals have tried to protect themselves from future popular uprisings by moving to a new purpose-built capital far from the major cities.
51. MMN looking through filesGOOGLE FOOTAGE OVER RESIDENCES In the bunker files, Nanda found the location and plans for new homes for the military elite.
52. CLOSE UP OF THE RESIDENCESHOUSE PLANS CLOSE UPS Nearby are the much larger houses of the top three generals – including the vast official residence for A – the regime leader Senior General Than Shwe. The army engineer we’d met told us he had been in a tunnel right under the General’s house.
53. EngineerCut in detail of TS’s house plan and surrounds. (OVER PLANS OF A1 AND HOUSES) It goes straight under the A1 main location it is called A1.
54. Engineers (pause) 03.36 I have been inside about 50 metres but there were many more beyond that I don’t know how long it is. At some places there are six roads and some places four big roads and two small roadsCUT TO 5.10 It’s height is about 14 feet and it’s wide enough for two cars to pass each other.
55. GOOGLE Just behind General Than Shwe’s home a road leads in to mountains.
56. MOVE UG BUILDING to here In the military’s files DVB found plans for a large underground command centre off this road.
57. OPEN UP WITH SOME SPACE TO BREATH Co-ordinates on the plans locate the tunnel entrances dug in to these mountains.
58. INFRARED Clear images of this area are not available so DVB bought this infrared satellite image of the site. It reveals construction and what appears to be tunnel entrances in the exact location indicated on the plans.
59. 216 BLUEPRINT WITH 602 ON IT MMN: The project name is PP 216 right here.
60. LOOK AT THE GOOGLE AND MAP The plans for PP216 reveal it is a vast underground tunnel system with four main protected entrances.
61. MMN T9.52.18TAKE THE BEST OF THISCut in with close ups and evenShot from over’s houlder and front view T9 and t10. 54.20 and T10 14.43 MMN if you go in you can see explosion-proof door car washing place The plans showed the entrances had a series of defences against atomic, biological and chemical attack.Upsot - again the explosion proof door ammunition bunker and sealing door…
62. Animation (drone Music)Based on the plans, this is what it would look like. This entrance tunnel alone is 4 meters wide and over 300 meters longThe interior space is 14,000 square meters, the size of two football fields, with 9 large corridors, 8 meters wide and some 250 meters long.Tunnel experts we consulted say this is an ambitious project we have no proof that’s yet completed.
63. MMN calling up files But in the files Nanda believes he has found evidence the regime has already started to build it.
64. MMNEquipment lists T9.19.31 … we have the budget files for 216 purchasing order equipment lists
65. MMN MST16.26.41 This is a purchase order for project 216. It lists items such as sealing doors and bombproof systems.T16: 35.35MMN: Bombproof door bombproof and sealing systems 45 piece 4.5 million and a total amount of 21 million us dollars.
66. PICS OF RIVER CROSSING POLICE O PHONES ETCBORDER ATMOSPHERE In further proof work has already started, we found a man who said he had worked on a large underground command centre.
67. Tunnel digger Transltn 02.22 – 3.08Cut to 05.33 – 05.45CHECK MMN 5.33 It looks very long How could I say all the tunnels are interconnected that it is hard for me to figure it out. The network is very big. tunnels are about 20 feet wide they are very long. 05.48
68. Drawing the tunnels TIGHTER COMThen compare to the blueprints He said he was a day laborer on the project. We asked him to draw what he had worked on. He first located the project exactly where the plans say it should be.
69. DiggerHis Voice over drawing the tunnels Translation 12.30 TUNNEL DIGGER T84.37.21Translation 12.30The tunnel has four main entrances. When you got inside there were sub tunnels built across the main entrances, like tunnel A was here, over there was B, and then C. It has enough room for a car to drive in easily. His drawing matched the military’s blueprints for project 216.
70. And he said the tunnels were built with the help of foreign advisors.
71. Translation 03.08-03.28 Inside the tunnel there were machines for tunnel digging I saw North Korean experts in the sites giving guidelines with ongoing tunnels works they came three or four times a week to check the progress and draw maps and on how to build the tunnels. 03.28
72. ***MOVE TO HERENorth Korea Pics of trainersOur stills These pictures were found in the regime’s tunnel files.A defector known to DVB who was there said these were North Korean tunnel experts teaching Burmese Army officers tunnel engineering.
73. Def 2 01.01.18 Def 2 01.01.20in practice, the experts are the North Koreans 01.01.20 it is under the full supervision of North Koreans and they act as technical advisors.
74. North Korean training pics in blue shirts What is more concerning is that North Korea is also helping Burma make weapons in what are called Defence Industry factories – or DIs.
75. Army EngineerTranscript 32.41A batch of 8 (North Koreans) came each time and are sent back another eight come and are sent back. At each DI there are at least 8 to 16 of them. if the project is big there are 16 of them, there are 8 of them at some places.
76. MST16MMN calls up North Korean pictures (spooky atmos music to pull this together)Proof the regime is seeking North Korean weapons came in these leaked photographs.(upsot MMN 50.31 pyongyang 22 November they are in Pyongyang )They reveal a official visit to North Korea by Burma’s Number Three, General Shwe Mahn in November 2008.
77. MEETING NK OFFICIALS They had a series of high-level military meetings.
78. MST17 00.29 SCUD FACTORY And they visited a military factory making SCUD missiles.
79. MMN MMN 01.00 They really admire the North Korean model they want to get the surface to surface missile
80. BURMESE REPORTENGLISH SECTION ON WANTING SCUDS This is the Burmese military’s internal report on the visit.It declares Burma’s interest in making SCUD missiles - with a range of up to 3000kms.
81. MAP SHOWING RANGE If ever achieved that means a future Burmese SCUD could reach well beyond its borders.
82. MMN 02.25 so they ask North Korea to help improve their system – their missile system
83. PICS OF THE NORTH KOREA TRIP As Myanmar escalates its military capacity it’s also cracking down hard on control of secret information.On January 7th is year the regime sentenced one of its foreign ministry officials and a retired military officer to death for leaking these pictures.
84. NK Pics The crackdown comes as military insiders tell us Burma has started its program to build missiles.
85. Brief Space over harbour The first move in that program occurred here in Rangoon Harbour.
86. Def 1 00.45.31Pics of harbour?? Def 1 00.45.31In October 2008 at Rangoon Harbour materials were unloaded from a North Korean ship the materials were wrapped in black clothes and taken out in the night there were 15 containers.CUT AND PAUSEWe found they were parts of mid-range missiles from North Korea. 00.46.00
87. Continue Harbour pics NEW The United States is becoming increasingly suspicious of this link and threatens to stop North Korean weapons shipments to Burma.This uncertainty of supply fuels the regime’s interest in establishing it’s own weapons program.
88. Tape 74 TAPE 3DEFECTOR 2 Interview continued 02.47 what they mainly want is the technology they are not very keen on buying, they just want the technology therefore they are now building these defence industry factories so they are trying to manufacture missiles from these factories.03.25
89. Bertil Lintner 07.35 the Burmese are conducting research into missiles to the best of my knowledge they have not been able to produce a missile not yet but they will probably get there we are talking about some fairly basic kind of scud missile based on north Korean design CUT TO but the question of course is what you put in the warhead. 08.04 you can put explosives tnt or chemical or biological or even a nuclear device not on a small scud but if you develop the technology even further you are talking about weapons of mass destruction.
90. office Back at DVB headquarters one of the editors Moe Aye starting receiving photographs of a military-run factory inside Burma.
91. The photographs showed the factory being stocked with large machines.
92. PIC OF SAI WITH THE MACHINES IN UNIFORM The files came from Major Sai Thein Win who identified himself as the site’s second in command. He told Moe Aye the machines were being used as part of a program to try to build missiles and - more importantly – to build parts for machines to enrich uranium.
93. MOE AYESUBTITLE 16.38 he says this is intends to produce like some uranium enrichment and then some parts for missiles.
Factory picsNEW MR MYIANG SECTION IS FROM HEREUNIFORM (music to up the drama)This was highly classified material.But with the next photographs Sai sent a message. His superiors had started to suspect he was leaking material and he to get out of the country fast.
94. MA in the car (moe aye in Thailand)Sai told Moe Aye he had made arrangements – if it worked he would be able to leave on a commercial flight. But it was extremely risky.Moe Aye flew to Thailand to wait for him
95. MA Continue car After several tense hours he received news Sai made it through.
96. Are you Ko Moe Ayeare you wellHow are youDis everything go smoothlyYes everything went smoothlyWe were worried about you at the airport wondering what would happen at the airport
97. Uniform and Military ID Among the few possessions he’d left the country with was his military ID.QUICK UPSOT 38:30…. It’s me. Name Sein Thay Win. number 30586. Rank. In this ID I am still a Lieutenant.
98. GETS OUT THE UNIFORM And the uniform he was once proud to wear.
99. T?? 31.20 31.20 I love my uniform but I feel shameful to wear my uniform in front of civilians. There is no honour for me to be a soldier in BurmaPAUSE
100. Looking through his gear T101 Burmese:I was involved in the most secret projectThe nuclear project and the like
101. He said the security around this project was extremely tight.
102. SaiWE COULD CUT IN A FEW OF THE MYIANG FACTORY PICS 45:56 Of course I am afraid that they will catch me before I can slip out from Burma. Of course I do, I am afraid they will shoot me down on the spot
103. SEIN LOOKING OUT THE WINDOW He’d come out hoping that his information could somehow stop the regime’s plans.But even here his life was in danger. Burmese agents are known to operate in Thailand. PAUSE THERE No-one
104. Sein looking over computer files (upsot over computer)Moved to a safer place, Sai could explain his work in more detail.
105. Factory machines Pictures of Sai Myaing AND POL Factory He said the factory he ran was stocked with expensive high-precision machines.
106. ADD MACHINES Overall, the regime spent almost 18 million US Dollars in this factory alone.
107. GOOGLEVideo of unpacking of boxes He said there was another almost identical military factory here at Pyin Oo Lwin. It was also stocked with these high-precision machines.It’s where he spent his last month.
108. NEW MACHINE SPECIFICS**CHECK COM FOR LEGALSMOVE THE TRUMP PICS TOGETHER This is a laser-cutting machine it can rapidly cut sheet metal. This is press-brake machine it bends metal. They were made and supplied by the German company Trumpf.This is a universal milling machine. It machines large metal parts with great precision.
109. Germans CHECK COM FOR LEGAL This is one of many machines he said had been made and supplied by another German company Deckel Maho Gildemeister, or DMG.
110. BLUR These are the business cards of those who sold and installed the machines.
111. 01:00 DMG is a German company which supplies our factory. // Deckel Maho Gildemeister
112. Sai says DMG sent German engineers to help install them.He said the regime told the German suppler the factories were educational institutions. In reality he said they were for military use.
113. SAICHECK CUT 05:18 Those poor German engineers don’t know, didn’t know that we aiming to use those machines in producing rocket parts or some parts for military use.
114. Suspicious of the factory’s isolated locations, German Embassy officials inspected the factories at Myaing and Pyin Oo Lwin three times in 2007, 2008 and 2009.
115. TECHNICIans in the grey shirts/German inspection At the time we have to wear the civilian uniform. Though we are soldiers we have to wear the civilian uniform. ///They are told that those factories are for the training of students to train students how to you the machine so they lied. similarly lied to the German councilors.
116. PICS FOR RIGHT TO REPLYONE MINUTE DMG said its machines were supplied for education and training purposes only. It says it adhered to the strict terms of German Export Control, which declared the end use as being for training, including the small-scale production of power station turbines, trains and cars. It says its testing and inspection trips showed no machine had been used for anything other than training and the machines were only supplied with accessories to allow training and the first steps for producing parts. To its knowledge, it said, the machines are used exclusively for civilian purposes and ruled out any possibility machines being used for military purposes. Trump said its machines were ordered for training and educational purposes. It said neither it nor the German Export Control office found any information connecting the purchaser with any sensitive areas, such as arms production or WMD.It said it had no information its machines had been used to develop arms or in connection with nuclear production and its technicians who repaired the machines in 2007 and 2008 said they had no indication of any kind of military us. It said it will send technicians to find out what is going on.The German and Burmese Foreign Ministries refused to answer our questions
117. More shots of the myiang factory machines BREATHSai claims that the Myaing site was recently handed over to a civilian wing of Burma’s military government but still produces parts for its military program.Pyin Oo Lwin is still controlled directly by the military. We showed the pictures of Myaing to a former UN weapons inspector.
118. GEOFF ASTON Geoff Forden Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Former UN weapons inspector s 12:55 The machine shop is set up to be a general purpose machine shop capable of making some parts very big… maybe almost 2.8 metres in diameter and weighing up to 20 tonnes. So it could make a number of things, including air frame components for large rockets, but not necessarily limited to those.
119. Picture of him with the turbine Using these machines Sai made this model of a turbine for a rocket engine, or what is also known as an impeller. 25:40 … This is a turbine part from the turbo unit of rocket engines
120. Impeller and pictureTrying to develop This is a prototype. The machines are still missing certain functions that allow a proper finish.
121. T107 Upsot Sai: the surface finishing is rough.
122. Question to sai what did they do as a response to problems But Sai says was ordered to make it as part of the regime’s long-term strategic goal.
123. GEOFF CUT 05:28 it means that they are investing in all levels of missile design and engineering.
124. Sai 53:28 It is for long-range missiles, it can be long-range missiles. Especially for long-range missiles like SCUD.
125. Sai with impellerGeoffUSE OVER PICS OF THE IMPELLER AND PARTS 17:18 If that impeller that gentleman is holding was put into a single stage rocket with only one engine it could reach maybe 1000 km which encompasses more countries than a SCUD type engine in the neighbourhood but it is still a regional threat. If they imagine putting it in the first stage of a much larger rocket, with say a cluster of four of those engines then it could reach say 3200 km or 4000 km which opens it up quite a bit. It’s not an intercontinental rocket but it could threaten things like say Diego Garcia, which is a major US military base in the Indian ocean, if it had a 4000 km range.
126. GEOFF 11.45 assuming they get all of the machines that they need to make the complex parts of the impeller and other combustion chamber components they will need between five to ten years to get a rocket built and ready to be launched // so it is a long term project but they are starting on the road.
127. So how did one of the world’s poorest nations acquire the beginnings of this expensive missile technology?
128. Gas project – any footage? The main reason is natural gas.The regime’s first deal is called Yadana. Run by French company Total and Chevron from the US it pipes gas to Thailand.
129. 09.41 ALH 09.41 so when they got that money 09.53 they started the nuclear project, then moved the capital to Naypyidaw, expanded the number of troops and strengthened the air force with the purchase of MiG 29s that all happened after the flow of large sums of money from Thailand. That was the time General Than Shwe had the opportunity to do what he liked.
130. yadana Since 2000 the regime has earned 4.83 billion US dollars from Yadana.
131. NEWSHWE GAS PROJECT From 2013 it will earn another 29 Billion US dollars or six times that amount over the next thirty years by selling gas to China from a new, much larger field here in Shwe.
132. This money is not just used to buy equipment for the weapons program - its also spent acquiring knowledge.
133. USE THE RUSSIAN PICS HERE This is Sai in Russia.He was sent here for five years to study rocket engines for long-range missiles.
134. T105.53.00 CONTINUE GRAB FROM BOX 134 Russian lecturers who teach us how to design and calculate rocket engines He wasn’t the only one.
135. Moscow training picsAMBIENT SOUND These photographs found by DVB in the bunker files show many more Burmese army officers receiving training in Moscow.Sai says they were sent here to study a range of subjects as part of the military nuclear program.
136. Sai 02.37 from the time it started to this day there are around 10,000 students who went to study in Russia. 02.43 the subjects we had to study were the main subjects were rockets and nuclear.
137. Russian training This training started in 2001 after Russia agreed to sell Burma a small reactor.Russia hasn’t delivered that reactor because Burma refused to allow inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency the IAEA.
138. Sai (05:28) There, the Burmese generals were afraid that they would not be allowed to make bombs and they could not be subjected to the inspection of the IAEA, they decided to build the nuclear reactor on their own.
139. Mines For a nuclear program, any country needs the raw material.In several areas, Burma has been mining low-grade uranium. One mine is here in Mogoke.
140. URANIUM MINE GUY SYNCH ABOUT THE BLACK ROCKS They do the blasting with dynamite and the like.At the time people were saying that they were looking for uraniumThe equipment showed full degree when it came in to contact with something black
141. **ADD GOOGLE IMAGE OF SUSPECTED ORE PROCESSING PLANT Our experts tell us they believe this is a uranium ore concentration plant at the nuclear facility at Tha Beik Kyin.The program is run by the DSSTRC, the military’s science and technological regiment.
142. Sai 105 23:19 The main purpose of Myaing and Pyin Oo Lwin factories is to support DSSTRC and Science and Technological regiment from Thabeikkyin. The main task of the Thabeikkyin regiment is to build a nuclear reactor.
143. MOUNTAINS MORE OF THE AREA Riding through village (upsot m/c)One of our covert cameramen found a man from Tha Beik Kyin who told us the site was sealed off with severe security.
144. W 4 00.03 They designated it as a 144 area that’s why we all left.Q what is 144?144 is the order to shoot Only people from Kyaukgyi are given tokens (to enter) they don’t give them to others 00.15 If you don’t have your pass there is no interrogation they will use you and send you if you are not under age they will send you to the army.
145. Tha Beik Kyin(POTENTIALLY ADD THE SHOTS OF TBK NEW BUILDINGS Sai says parts for the nuclear program were sent from his factories to the secure compound at Tha Beik Kyin.It’s here he says they are also trying to enrich uranium for weapons.
146. Sai T105. 45.01 From Myaing we made a part called a nozzle head, a supersonic nozzle head. The nozzle is used to create a carbon monoxide laser beam.SAI: Carbon monoxide laser beam is used to separate uranium isotopes and in this way you can enrich the uranium percentage.
147. Bob and Sai looking over files To check Sai’s claims we had him show the files to Bob Kelly. He’s a former intelligence officer at North America’s nuclear facility Los Alamos and an ex-director of the IAEA,
148. ADD BOB 23:17 Laser isotope seperation is probably one of the worst ways to separate uranium isotopes that is yet to be invented. The major countries of the world have spent billions of dollars, literally trying to make the process work without success.
149. pics But Sai says the factories are also making parts for another aspect of the nuclear program - to create uranium compounds.
150. Files of the enriching tools There are 40 Items that were built, uh, made in the Pyin Oo Lwin factory. They are all in the pictures Like the reactors and the vacuum box, the purification tanks, water reduce tanks things like that. Those items were made in the Pyin Oo Lwin factory and sent to Tha Beik Kyin
151. CUT IN PICS OF ENRICHMENT PARTS “Your source has provided a lot of good quality photographs of items that would appear to be very useful in a nuclear programme they are rather specific to nuclear uses. They could be seen as for other things but they look like they were designed for a nuclear programme.
152. These items can be used to make the chemicals used to enrich uranium.
153. BOBNEW PICTURES OF FLOURIDE BED ETC 13:33 There is one object that we see in these photographs that is labeled as a fluoride bed reactor. I’m thinking that may be used for turning UF4 into UF6 gas which is the material that is used for enriching uranium isotopes.
154. LETTER And there is more.In this letter the regime is ordering the Pyin Oo Lwin factory to make what is called a bomb reactor for the “special substance research department”. This reactor, also called a reduction vessel, turns enriched uranium green salt, into uranium metal.
155. BobCUT IN PICS OF EQUIPMENT 06:39 Well for example the small reduction vessel looks like it was made just for the purpose of reducing uranium tetrafluoride to uranium metal which, there could be other uses for that vessel but it jumps right out at you very quickly. We’ve got these photographs of it and the drawings that they used to make it and it’s really… it’s impressive, it catches your eye right away if you’re in the nuclear business.
156. Bob 45.45 it appears it is a nuclear weapons program because there is no conceivable use for this for nuclear power or anything like that.
157. SAI T105: 44.42They really want build a bomb that is their main objective.
158. Kang NamShip stillPics? And it seems they may be seeking more foreign help.Last year the North Korean ship the Kang Nam 1 was on its way to Burma when it was turned back by US Navy intervention. It was thought to be carrying weapons or material banned under a new UN Resolution aimed at stopping North Korea from exporting nuclear-related material.
159. Kurt CampbellDVB Interview In March the US Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia Kurt Campbell told DVB the US was alarmed by Burma’s growing ties with North Korea.
160. Campbell Some of it is sensitive so really can’t be discussed in great detail but I will say we have seen enough to cause us some anxiety about certain kinds of military and other kinds of relationships between North Korea and Burma. We have been very clear with the authorities about what our red lines are and anxieties are .(CUT TO) We always worry about nuclear proliferation and there some signs that there have been some flirtation around these matters and perhaps even more and we will be highly attentive to this moving forward.
161. Campbell In May, Campbell issued a statement saying the US believed Burma may have breached the UN Resolution banning North Korean nuclear exports. He warned the US reserved the right to take independent action if Burma failed to abide by that resolution.
162. Harbour Diplomatic sources told DVB this statement was sparked by a North Korean ship docking in Burma.
163. Than Shwe on the couch But why would Burma’s generals want nuclear weapons and the missiles to deliver them.
164. ALH 1-2MOVE TO HERE ALH 1-2 03.40 In 1992 when General Than Shwe came to power he thought that if we followed the North Korean example we would not need to take account of America or even need to care about China. 04.03 In other words when they have nuclear energy and weapons others will not respect us they won’t dare touch Burma. Burma could not be easily invaded like Iraq, that’s why they follow North Korea.
165. Def 2:I/V 1 58.56 if you possess nuclear (power) they assess people will be afraid of and respect them 59.00 they think they will have this aura. We heard this from the spoken words of senior leaders 59.08
166. 105. 05.07SAI 05.07 …it is according to the paranoia of the generals they want to have the rockets and nuclear warheads. Not only rockets but also nuclear warhead yeah they need it. They admire the North Korea so they are crazy for ICBMs and warheads, so the rockets are clear to be used for military purpose
167. BOB 43:20 You want to know if this programme will lead to a nuclear weapon in a reasonable amount of time I would think it would not. They are going to try but what we are seeing in the things they are making and the programme plan they have laid out there are ten thousand things they need to do and it sort of looks like they are doing them one at a time.
168. Army Day (Upsot marching)
169. Bob NEW 45:25 I am concerned any time there is a country embarks on a nuclearprogramme which is appears that they’ve done //When a country sets out to do that there will be a real concern.
170. NEW Burma may be far from achieving its goals.But many believe its intent to one day acquire nuclear weapons must be taken seriously.
171. Military or Generals DEF 1:When they are ready with nuclear warheads and missiles they will make the international community surprised with the information that they are ready with nuclear warheads and missiles.
172. BERTIL LINTER 18.25 well it would mean the possibility of a new arms race in the region both Thailand and India would have to counter this kind of build up on the respective borders and it would definitely be seen as a threat in Thailand
173. SAI 09:53 …The Burmese government will go on the rampage if it gets the weapon. (09:57) They will regard no one as human beings. (10:00) (PAUSE WITH MUSIC AND PICS)
Sai continues the grab from Box 202 If something happens, they will shoot straight away. (10:43) That is the word said within the army. (10:46) If you have to shoot, shoot first and we will talk later when we have to talk. This is the word within the army. That is the order we are given. (10:59)
174. Military Parade
175. EW PTCWhat we have seen is a rare glimpse in to the very beginnings of a clandestine nuclear program. It seems Myanmar’s generals do have a very long way to go but those who know the generals best warn that it wasn’t that long ago that that the world couldn’t consider Pakistan India North Korea or Iran as nuclear threats either.
176. ENDS
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.