Thirty years after the Dayton Peace Agreement, Bosnia and Herzegovina still struggles with the consequences of ethnic cleansing, the siege of Sarajevo, and unresolved war crimes. Survivors describe sniper attacks, the killing of children, and the long‑term trauma that remains visible across the country. Corruption, unemployment, and political deadlock continue to block progress, while nationalist rhetoric and discrimination in Republika Srpska have triggered a second exodus of Bosniaks and Croats. With the High Representative still overruling local leaders and EUFOR maintaining a presence, Bosnia remains under international supervision as citizens push for reforms and hope for EU membership.