VISION roadway at night time, interior car,

Schwartz: You never stop at red lights when driving into the black township of Tembisa. Everyone is a potential victim.

Maluleke: The group that we are going to visit ...

02:39:16

CD Maluleke in car at night

.. they are just criminals, people who are doing everything in their power to make ends meet and as far as they are concerned, for them it's a do or die situation.

02:54:09

Map of South Africa.

03:02:10

Radio

Vision car pulling into laneway, people getting out of car, Schwartz and Maluleke walking into house, interior house with gang members

Schwartz: Our passport through these menacing streets is Elias Maluleke crime reporter for the city Press. He's taking us to me The Gents, a criminal gang which terrorises the wealthy, white suburbs of Johannesburg. They seem like just a bunch of kids. But beneath the bravado lies a very real brutality.

David: I take the payrolls on the gate and when they fight I fight, when they shoot I shoot.

03:38:21

CD another gang member and Schwartz in house

Gang member: I go with gun in the house, going to see the money, when I get you, like you having money, I kill you, I take the money, that's all. Nothing I can do, because I need the money, I'm suffering.

Vision woman at bar serving drinks, men drinking and dancing, Schwartz sitting in tavern

03:57:03

Schwartz: This is how The Gents escape. A mind­numbing night of booze and drugs at the local tavern. Apartheid has entrenched a culture of violence, which has overtaken the colour divide, where attacker one day is victim the next. My drinking partner, 'Happy' Lawrence, a case in point. After leaving us he was kidnapped by Inkatha and beaten senseless ­retribution for stealing from one of their hostels. How likely is it that a new government will bring these people back-into the mainstream?

CU Maluleke talking. to Schwartz. SUPER: ELIAS MALULEKE Crime Reporter

04:48:17

Maluleke: Unlikely. Already we have a culture of violence, a culture of intolerance, and a leeway has been given to people to believe that they can do whatever they want, and obviously the African National Congress, or the new government for that matter, will not have the money to meet and to satisfy the needs of all South Africans.

Vision of Mandela and family watching Mandela on TV.

05:13:11

"Mandela: Violence is not caused by those who carry a gun. It is also caused by poverty, illiteracy, hunger - all these are evils of apartheid.

Schwartz: For Nelson Mandela, South Africa's next president, one of the biggest challenges will be guaranteeing a future for the nation's youth - and winning their trust. with half the population under the age of 19 and two­thirds under 35, he cannot afford to fail.

Mandela: We are going to address problems.

Barney holding sleeping child

05:51:01

Schwartz: Barney, what do you think of Nelson Mandela?

Barney: He is a powerful leader.

Schwartz: In this Soweto family Barney Moloi is the only one who doesn't need convincing. His 20 year old son ...

CU Themba and Schwartz

06:01:08

.. Themba, believes the ANC, like his father, has sold out - too keen to join forces with the white oppressors.

Themba: Mandela is a capitalist. He's a clear capitalist. Like de Klerk himself. Those are both clear capitalists.

Vision derelict school, Barney and Schwartz looking through broken window

06:18:22

Schwartz: Barney Moloi was once a student radical like his son.

Barney: I used to stay there, that was my chair. That's where all the naughty boys used to stay.

Schwartz: And you were the leader of the pack were you?

Barney: Not actually.

Vision Barney and Schwartz walking into empty schoolroom, footage of student demonstration, soldiers shooting, buildings on fire

06:32:09

Schwartz: Barney was part of the Soweto Uprising, an event which thrust youth onto the front line in the war against apartheid. It was from here, on June 16, 1976, that Barney and his classmates set off on what should have been a peaceful protest against apartheid schooling. It turned out to be a day of carnage. Police opening fire on thousands of unarmed schoolchildren.

Radio announcer: At least 23 people are believe to have been killed and over 200 injured in a rampage by ten thousand Africans. Police were called.

Schwartz: Three of Barney's friends were shot dead. He was savaged by a police dog.

Vision footage of helicopter view of burning buildings,

CU Barney and Schwartz

07:19:02

Barney: What I expected, you know, for the police to approach us ..

in a decent manner, to, you know say maybe go home, disperse. Like warning a child, but they didn't act like that. They just blow us with the live ammunition.

Vision footage of car exploding, children running, tanks on street, demonstrators marching, soldiers firing guns, Mandela shaking De Klerk's hand

07:39:20 Schwartz: After the Soweto Uprising there was no turning back for the nation's youth. They became the foot soldiers in the armed struggle. The people who risked their lives fighting the police and defence forces in the townships. Themba's generation grew up knowing nothing but rebellion, so when Mandela held out his hand to National Party leader, F. W. de Klerk, many young people felt betrayed.

CU Barney and Schwartz

08:11:21

Schwartz: What do you make of Themba when he says the Mandela is a traitor?

Barney: Sometimes I feel like chasing him out of the house, but he's my son.

Vision setting sun, shots of township, Themba sitting at home, De Klerk on TV.

08:19:24

Mandela: Those of you who are watching this discussion at your homes, look to us.

Schwartz: Themba was only two years old when his father was ducking bullets in the Soweto Uprising. But

18 years later, he's more bitter than Barney.

de Klerk: One can never forget injustice, but you can forgive and we need forgiveness.

CU Barney

08:43:09

Barney: It's a super statement. I do agree with de Klerk.

CU Themba and Schwartz

08:47:12

Themba: Ah man, de Klerk must be talking nonsense, really. I'm not accepting that statement. He's talking Bullshit. What has happened to my father in 1976 is something I cannot

"forgive, something that I cannot forget.

Vision School building,

09:02:02

Man:

Peace among Africans

Vision Schwartz sitting in class room with black youth,

09:06:13

Crowd: Yes indeed

Man: War against the enemy.

Crowd: Peace amongst Africans.

Man: One settler.

Crowd: One bullet.

Man: One bullet.

Crowd: One settler

MID Themba, students in classroom, blackboard

09:14:05

Themba: Never be intimidated by settlers ever in your life man.

Schwartz: Themba and his comrades are members of the student wing of the Pan Africanist Congress - the PAC - a militant 1950's off-shoot of the ANC. It's likely to poll better in the elections than the more publicised Inkatha. The PAC's enemy is the settler, non-Africans who've colonised their land and seized their government. They believe until their land is won back, all else is meaningless.

CD Aaron in classroom, Themba in classroom, students at desks

09:46:14

Aaron: Their arrival was unaccepted. They even went to the moon. I don't what they want in the moon. Only to find that there was no one. If there was someone on the moon, they were going to colonise that somebody. It's true what I'm saying - they left their flag in the moon, that they were there.

Schwartz: The PAC rallying

_cry - one settler, one bullet -understandably makes most whites nervous. But I was told not to take it too personally.

Vision students at desks, Schwartz in classroom,

10:15:05 I was wondering if I could ask whether you think there is any room in South Africa for white people.

CD Aaron and other students

10:26:13 Aaron: We do have the room for the white people, only if they can understand us, and I mean pay their allegiance to Africa, but they're not going to be Africans. They are going to

be euro-Africans.

Music

Vision township, children collecting garbage, Themba and Schwartz walking on street, Children playing on homemade cars, people in street, men playing soccer

10:48:01

Schwartz: It may be school holidays, but for Themba and his comrades, there's no time off from politics. Life in Soweto doesn't allow it.

Toy car rattling down street

Child squealing

Schwartz: Apartheid scars every part of their existence, depriving them of housing, health care, jobs and recreation. For these people, everything is a political_exercise. Even sport.

Men running on soccer field

Men calling out to each other

Schwartz: Themba and his PAC comrades play soccer not only to keep fit, but also to raise money for those struggling to meet rent and school fees.

Themba: Almost everything is political. I mean as the African people here we have been ..

CD Themba, vision men playing soccer

11:51:11

... robbed of our land, so whatever we do here, it's         basically under the will of this regime.

Men running

Men calling out

Whistle

Schwartz: Like his father, Themba was spurred into political action after police killed two of his friends.

Schwartz: So at that point, what were your feelings about what action vou could take?

CD Themba and Schwartz

12:16:10

Themba: To take up arms against the state. That was my feeling. To take up arms against the state.

Schwartz: And did you do that?

Themba: I wouldn't wish to comment on that. I reserve my comment.

CD Schwartz

12:31:20

Schwartz: If an ANC led government can provide jobs and houses, will it be able to convince people to put aside armed_struggle?

Themba: It will convince the people ..

CD Themba

12:40:01

.. who will be having houses. But those who won't be having houses, they won't be convinced.

CD Schwartz

12:48:02

Schwartz: will you be voting in this election?

CD Themba

12:50:18

Themba: No. Definitely, no. I'm not going to vote. I'm not going to vote. I'm totally against this vote.

Vision band on stage, crowd shots

12:58:06

Singer: It's been a long time we've been waiting for a day like this to come. We've got to do it now ...

Schwartz: But not all young people are so negative.

            Singer:           ... We've got to

vote, we've got to vote.

Schwartz: Bands like the Prophets of the city are part of a massive campaign to get young people excited and involved in the election. Their message ­vote - and start building the new South Africa

Singer: ... Pump it up, yo' power to the people, and pump it up, pump it up

Vision man on bike picking up garbage from woman at house

13:37:00

Schwartz: Around Soweto there's a group of young people doing just that. Instead of waiting for a new government to deliver them jobs, they've created their own. It's probably the" only option in a country where just one out pf every 100 school leavers finds formal work.

Vision Stanley talking to woman and removing bag of garbage

13:55:14

Knock

Woman: Come in,

Stanley: How are you sister?

Woman: Fine thanks, and you?

Stanley: I'm from the Green Team, I've come to collect the garbage.

Woman: Okay.  Here's the garbage.

Schwarz: Stanley Mthembu is one of 30 members of the Green Team, a recycling operation which began in Soweto just two months ago.

Woman...are you going to give me another bag?

Stanley: Yes. Here's the other bag.

Woman: How many?

Stanley: I give you one.

Woman: Why a special one?

Stanley: Lately we'll be coming very soon to collect.

Woman: Please try to be quick because this one bag is full up within two days.

Stanley: Okay.

Woman: Okay. My pleasure, bye.

14:27:19 Music

Vision: Stanley loading garbage, township, men piling garbage

Children unloading garbage and sorting it

14:40:24

Schwartz: The employees own the company, along with the ANC Youth League, which provided the start up money. The team collects rubbish free of charge, from 50_fOOO homes. Then recycles it for profit. And the more profit, the more jobs

Car engine

Vision car being driven into yard and stripped

15:04:00 gates shutting

Schwartz: For the Tembisa Gents the only thing that delivers is crime. Hardened criminals like these already account for 5% of the nation's youth_f and another 25% are teetering on the edge. The Gents say they'd prefer an honest living to stripping stolen cars. But few of them can see it happening.

CD gang member, Manuel

15:36:13

Manuel: After the elections I can work, I can go back to school but if whatever there's no change - it's just like now, I'll go back and steal.

Schwartz: How long will "you give Mr. Mandela?

CD gang member, the professor

15:48:11

Professor: 1¹m giving him to the end of -94.

Schwartz: Just to the end of this year?

Professor: Yeah. When things don't change I'm going back to mv strategy.

Vision bus unloading, traffic jam, funeral procession, people singing and dancing, Thabiso Taaka marching in funeral march, mourners

l6:01:09

Schwartz: Saturday morning outside Soweto cemetery. The

traffic is banked up for

kilometres.

singing.

Schwartz: Even for the most optimistic of South Africa's youth, this is still the reality.

singing.

Schwartz: For Thabiso Taaka, there are almost weekly pilgrimages to the graveyard to bury his comrades. Today, it's 24 year old Leonard Maleme, and ANC cadre allegedly shot by Inkatha members with who, only days before, he'd been talking peace. Thabiso has been told he's also on the hit list

CD Themba, vision people singing at funeral

Schwartz: Is there anything an ANC led government could do ..

16:49:16

.. that would convince you       16:49:16 that a solution can be found

peacefully?

Themba: No, nothing at all.

singing

Gun shot

15:48:11