Timecode |
Video |
Graphics |
Audio |
Audio
In/ Out |
Music
In/ Out |
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00:00:01 00:00:05 |
·
Bird’s
eye view of Karachi, a sprawling city shrouded by smog- the afternoon sun
burning in the sky. ·
Shot
of kite (bird) in the sky |
Karachi, Pakistan (dateline) |
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“Cylinder Eight” Music In 00:00:01 Music Out 00:01:33 |
00:00:13 |
·
Wide
shot of a narrow gully in which something (indiscernible) is going on |
|
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali, senior polio eradication official: If we were running a program of
immunization without any security threats, I think we would have done it two
years ago. |
Audio In 00:00:08 Audio out 00:00:17 |
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00:00:18 |
·
We
get into the gully. The silhouette of a gun-holding policeman with
vaccinators in the background. Accompanying text graphic. |
Text
Graphic: Pakistan, along
with Afghanistan are the last two countries to have new cases of polio. |
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00:00:34 00:00:45 00:00:53 |
·
Close
up of vaccinators vaccinating child. ·
A
wide shot of a vaccinator knocking on a door with her police detail in the
background. ·
Shahnaz
on camera. |
|
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali: The militancy and target killings that
have taken the lives of our polio workers, our supervisors and security
personnel actually pose a formidable challenge for us. That is still a
possibility that there could still be a target killing. |
Audio In 00:00:44 Audio Out 00:01:05 |
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00:01:06 00:01:14 00:01:52 |
·
Veiled
vaccinator on vaccine drive standing by the door of a house as its being
marked. ·
Gulnaz
on Camera ·
Dip
to Black |
|
Gulnaz
Shirazi, polio vaccination campaign supervisor: My name is Gulnaz Shirazi. I started as a polio worker in 2011. I had
other members of my family working as polio workers as well. My sister, two
nieces, my sister-in-law, and sister-in-law's cousin. They used to work with
me. Where my sister-in-law was working, I
heard the sound of shots being fired. When I looked ahead, I saw my
sister-in-law's dead body on a stretcher, lying in front of somebody’s house,
covered in blood. You couldn't tell with my niece's corpse, she
didn't look dead but my sister-in-law was covered in blood. Seeing her, I
collapsed to the ground. |
Audio In 00:01:10 Audio Out 00:01:50 |
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00:01:54 00:02:02 00:02:05 00:02:08 00:02:16 00:02:24 00:02:27 00:02:31 00:02:36 00:02:40 |
·
Shahnaz
on camera. ·
Two
vaccinators walking in front of Pakistan Rangers, paramilitary who are
deployed for their protection. ·
Women
vaccinators walk and disappear behind shed ·
Women vaccinators walk through alley ·
Close
shot of woman with her baby ·
Close
shot of getting her baby vaccinated ·
Close
shot of baby’s face ·
Medium
shot of mother and child with baby’s finger being marked as vaccinated. ·
Shot
of child behind curtain. ·
Wide
shot of children with curtain and the vaccinators leaving in the gully. |
|
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali: Women polio
workers take a huge risk, so would a male polio worker but I think a woman
polio worker more so. She steps out of her home. She goes up and
down alleyways. She climbs multiple stories in apartment
buildings. She walks many miles from village to village. So this is taking a
woman out of her own home where her life is within a certain proscribed
circle and asking her to do something which is pretty non-traditional. |
Audio In 00:01:54 Audio Out 00:02:29 |
“January” Music In 00:01:48 Music Out 00:03:22 |
00:02:48 00:02:54 00:03:02 00:03:10 |
·
Rack
focus of the photographs of Gulnaz’s niece Madiha in her hand. ·
Medium
shot of Gulnaz sitting holding the photographs of her dead relatives ·
Close
up of photographs with text graphic. ·
Dip
to black |
· Text
graphic: Names: Fehmida Bibi and Madiha Bibi next
to their photographs in Gulnaz’s hand. Madiha Bibi and Fehmida Bibi and were
killed by extremists during a vaccine drive on December 18, 2012. |
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00:03:11 00:03:19 |
·
Fade
up from black-Spire of mosque at dusk with text graphic for title of
documentary ·
Dip
to black |
Text
graphic: Pakistan’s Polio war |
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00:03:23 00:03:26
00:03:30 00:03:36 |
·
Fade
up from black-Person standing over Karachi skyline ·
Mosque exterior ·
Exterior of Dar-ul-Uloom Naeemia madrassa
(Islamic school) ·
Students
of Dar-ul-Uloom Naeemia |
·
Islamic
school Dar-ul-Uloom Naeemia |
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00:03:44 00:04:00 00:04:06 |
·
Mufti
Muneeb on camera ·
Shot
of vaccines ·
Mufti
Muneeb on Camera |
|
Mufti
Muneeb-ur-Rehman, Islamic cleric: As I see it, the polio campaign was
damaged by the use of Dr. Shakil Afridi for intelligence purposes and
vaccines were used as a ruse. Some harms cannot be undone easily. |
Audio In 00:03:41 Audio Out 00:04:11 |
“Cylinder Eight” Music In 00:03:47 Music Out 00:06:00 |
00:04:11 |
·
Map |
Motion
Graphic: Map of Pakistan: (Abbottabad
appears as a dot with a label. KPK and FATA appear labeled as 'Pashtun
areas'.) In
Abbottabad: Pakistani health workers gain rare
access to the compound where Osama Bin Laden is hiding and administer polio
drops to the children living there. Dr. Shakil Afridi, a Pakistani
health official, is recruited by the CIA. In 2011, he sets up a fake
hepatitis B vaccinationcampaign to help them find bin Laden. May 2, 2011: Bin Laden is killed
and his body snatched in a raid by a secret U.S. military team. (FATA
label appears as: Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)) In
FATA: June 2012: Taliban commander Gul
Bahadur issues a fatwa, or religious decree opposing polio vaccines and
threatening vaccine workers. (MAP
FADES out of Focus and on this text appears covering the whole screen with
the map in background) Soon after, deadly attacks on polio
vaccine workers sharply escalate. Between 2012 and 2015, 33 vaccine
workers have been killed and 26 injured in attacks. (Text
remains, numbers change and ‘vaccine workers’ changes to ‘security
personnel’) Between 2012 and 2015, 50 security
personnel have been killed and 26 injured in attacks. |
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00:05:15 00:05:25 00:05:28 00:05:33 00:05:37 00:05:43 00:05:46 00:05:53 00:05:56 00:06:00 00:06:04 00:06:10 |
·
Shahnaz
on Camera ·
Security
personnel ·
Niqab
clad woman with baby ·
Niqab
clad women with babies ·
Boxes
being loaded on a cart with text graphic on one of the boxes ·
Boy
being vaccinated ·
Girl
being vaccinated ·
Shahnaz
on Camera ·
Rack
focus of women security guards’ faces in the Emergency Operations Center ·
Close
shot of hands of the women security guards ·
Wide
shot of women security guards ·
EOC
Sign |
· Text
graphic: More than 270,000 children suffered disruptions
in vaccines. |
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali: In 2012 we had
a huge setback because the polio ban, which was placed by Gul Bahadur in the
Federally Administered Tribal Areas had very serious implications. And a
large number of families in the thousands, in fact the number counted up to
almost 270,000 children that were then deprived of polio drops and
immunization because of this very radical and extremist position that had
been taken by the Taliban. Alarm bells started ringing not only in
Pakistan but also in the world headquarters- in the WHO headquarters in
Geneva and a polio eradication plan had been drafted and approved. |
Audio In 00:05:14 Audio Out 00:06:11 |
|
00:06:15 00:06:20 00:06:34 |
·
Exterior
of EOC building ·
Dr.
Chachar on Camera ·
Vaccine
storage units |
·
Text graphic: Vaccine Storage, Emergency Operations Center |
Dr.
Usman Chachar, Chief, Polio emergency operations center: Emergency operations center started in
January 2015 and the idea was that there should be a coordinated mechanism,
coordinated activities related to polio eradication because there were so
many organizations, so many partner agencies working for polio eradication
but they were working in their own spheres of activities. |
Audio In 00:06:14 Audio Out 00:06:38 |
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00:06:39 00:06:43 00:06:46 00:06:50 |
·
Man
opening vaccine storage unit ·
Inside
of vaccine storage unit ·
UN
written on car number plate ·
People
walking in the EOC premises with the UN car standing there |
|
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali: Here everybody is now part of one
team. So previously, UNICEF used to
sit in its offices, WHO in its offices and so on and so forth but now we are
all under one roof. So I think it’s a seamless coordinated team and I think
it’s a good model. It’s just made it all much easier for us
to work and as you see, you are right here in the EOC right in the heart of
Karachi. |
Audio In 00:06:38 Audio Out 00:06:59 |
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00:07:00 00:07:04 00:07:14 00:07:16 00:07:22 |
·
Bird’s
eye view of Karachi ·
Vaccinator
walking in a chador/burqa (black colored women’s overall). ·
Gulnaz
on Camera ·
Vaccinators
standing in burqas by a street. ·
Gulnaz
on camera |
|
Gulnaz
Shirazi: In the heat of Karachi, working wearing a
burqa, is like climbing a mountain. Your breathing becomes labored. Under the
veil, the heat feels torrid. Even if you are standing in one spot, like by a
street. As you tell people about polio vaccinations, the amount of sweat that
pours down… |
Audio In 00:07:03 Audio Out 00:07:28 |
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00:07:31 00:07:35 00:07:39 00:07:44 00:07:48 00:07:53 00:07:58 00:08:01 00:08:05 00:08:11 |
·
Fans ·
Close
up of cat eating a cut off chicken’s head ·
Medium
shot showing people walking by the cat ·
Pakistan
rangers standing guard by a road ·
A man
with a beard on a bike next to decrepit buildings ·
Man
drinking water with cupped hands ·
Wide
shot of Lyari river ·
Wide
shot of man foraging at the river bank ·
Tight
shot of the man eating apple with dirty hands. ·
Dr.
Chachar on Camera |
·
16
million Pakistanis lack access to safe drinking water ·
Water
in Karachi is often contaminated with the polio virus. ·
The
poor are especially vulnerable to being infected with the virus. |
Dr.
Usman Chachar: It’s a huge city. It has unique dynamics
which makes it a challenge for polio eradication activities: It has issues related to security.
Different areas, which are newly coming up, they have issues related to civic
amenities. Some of them are not regularized, they don’t come in the planning
because they are in the newly developed phase just on the spot, on the spur. After the operation against militants in
the North Waziristan, South Waziristan there has been a lot of influx of
internally displaced people. |
Audio In 00:07:32 Audio Out 00:08:26 |
“Cylinder Eight” Music In 00:08:09 Music Out 00:12:34 |
00:08:27 |
·
Face
of an old man with a white beard and white Islamic skull cap with text
graphic |
·
Escalating
clashes between the Pakistan army and militants in Pashtun majority areas
have displaced 1 million people. An unknown number of Pashtuns continue to
move to Karachi. |
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00:08:40 00:08:42 00:08:45 00:08:48 00:08:49 |
·
Karachi
Cantonment Railway station sign ·
Wide
shot of station ·
Shot of train approaching ·
Fade
to Black ·
Shot
of person’s feet as he walks on the station platform. |
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00:08:52 |
·
Close
shot of baby’s tiny toes |
Their children have often missed polio
vaccine doses making them vulnerable in a city where the virus is
prevalent. |
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00:08:58 |
·
Person
walking away with baby in arms |
Many Pashtuns see vaccines as western
conspiracy to sterilize them and refuse to vaccinate their children. Hazrat Bilal is one such child who suffers
from polio. |
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|
00:09:08 |
·
Hazrat
Bilal in the arms of his father. |
Name: Hazrat Bilal Age: 3 Ethnicity: Pashtun Status: Unvaccinated, Polio victim |
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|
00:09:13 |
·
Bilal’s
feet |
Right leg paralyzed by polio |
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00:09:18 |
·
Khayal
Muhammad on Camera |
|
Khayal
Muhammad, Pashtun migrant and father of polio victim: Reporter: When the vaccinators came to your house
then why didn’t you vaccinate him? Khayal
Mohammad: I did feed him
the drops. Reporter: Even then he got polio? Khayal
Mohammad: Even then he
got polio. Reporter:But you can’t get polio if you
vaccinatedhim properly…. Khayal
Mohammad: That must be
Allah’s will. |
Audio In 00:09:19 Audio Out 00:09:38 |
|
00:09:39 00:09:45 00:10:00 |
·
Text
on black screen ·
WHO
report for Bilal Cross dissolve |
Text graphic: Khayal Mohammad states he vaccinated his child. The World Health Organization report
states that the family refuses the vaccine. Motion
graphic: WHO case report
for Bilal (Bilal’s name becomes big. Then report
flips through the page to stop at this sentence which is highlighted.) This
family is silent refusal (4 families in the house and only one family sis
silent refusal (case family)). Polio team is accessing the area but refusal
families are in the area and reason are western conspiracy and infertility. (‘Reason are western conspiracy and infertility’
remain everything else cancels out.) |
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00:10:01 |
Black screen with text |
Some estimates say more than half of polio
cases in Karachi are refusals. Experts say that in each vaccination drive
thousands of people refuse the vaccine in Pakistan. |
Music |
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00:10:16 00:10:20 00:10:26 00:10:31 |
·
Shahnaz
on Camera ·
Close
shot of eyes of policeman ·
Close
shot of “Police” tag of security guard ·
Policeman
standing with gun |
|
Shahnaz
Wazir Ali: In Karachi for
example, when we move the campaign into the national immunization days, four
days of that campaign, we require at least four and a half thousand
policeman. At least. That is the minimum requirement. And this is sometimes
not possible for the city to provide five thousand or four and a half
thousand policemen. Because so many other events take place, as you know law
and order events don’t give you a warning. They just happen and so the police
is otherwise engaged. And so this has been a challenge particularly in Sindh,
in Karachi. |
Audio In 00:10:13 Audio Out 00:10:49 |
|
00:10:54 |
·
Gulnaz
on Camera |
|
Gulnaz
Shirazi: My mother would be worried (about my
safety), until I came home (from a vaccination drive). When I would enter my
house she would say, “Do you know I have prayed for your safety all day?” I
would say to her, I need all your prayers. |
Audio In 00:10:52 Audio Out 00:11:11 |
|
00:11:12 |
·
Kids
playing and making pigeons fly |
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|
00:11:19
00:11:22 00:11:26 00:11:29 00:11:33 00:11:38 00:11:40 00:11:44 00:11:47 00:11:52 00:11:59 00:12:06 00:12:12 |
·
Flag
of Pakistan ·
Wide
shot of a street in the Sachal Goth neighbourhood with Pakistani Rangers
paramilitary personnel visible. ·
Repeated
shot of vaccinators walking in front of Pakistani Rangers ·
Medium
shot of vaccinators walking with Pakistan Ranger standing guard ·
Close
up of a vaccination refrigeration kit slung over the shoulder of a polio
worker with “end polio now” written on it” ·
Shot
of parting curtain at the door of a house ·
Shot of vaccinator parting curtain and
entering the house ·
Female
Vaccinator approaching house with child and mother at the door ·
Faces
of to be vaccinated children looking at the Male vaccinator readying
vaccines. ·
Female
vaccinator talking to the mother and child ·
Male
vaccinator talking to children and vaccinating them ·
Wide
shot of male vaccinator marking kids as vaccinated ·
Little
girl crying as female vaccinator marks her as vaccinated |
Text
graphic: Nov. 11, 2015 Sachal Goth, Pashtun Area Karachi Text
graphic: The vaccine drive delayed because of lack
of security gets underway. |
Natural
Sound: Vaccinator: You have only one child? Mother: Yes Vaccinator: Say ‘Aaa’! Vaccinator: Let me mark you (as
vaccinated) |
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00:12:12 00:12:23 00:12:48 00:12:55 00:13:00 00:13:11 00:13:19 00:13:24 00:13:29 00:13:48 00:14:03 |
·
Child
crying after being vaccinated ·
Ali
on camera ·
Ali
on motorcycle wide shot ·
Ali
on motorcycle medium shot ·
Sea
waves on Clifton Beach ·
Child
close-up in parents’ arms on beach ·
Medium
shot of the same child ·
Wide
shot of the same child ·
Ali
on camera ·
Silhouette
of child in woman’s arms on the beach ·
Gulnaz
sitting in chair and her headscarf billowing in the wind |
|
Ali
Hassan, polio victim: When I was one and a half or two year most
probably old, I had a severe attack of Polio. Most of my age mates, at that time they
were kids. Most of them are not vaccinated. Polio paralyzed me. Polio attacked me in
both of my legs…are paralyzed. It also affects on my bones, especially my
back bones, spinal. It was like this after the attack. My childhood was lot much good like other
children. Now parents have this opportunity that
polio teams are coming on their doors to vaccinate their children. If you are getting this facility on your
door please don’t miss this opportunity. Please cooperate with those guys,
please cooperate with those (polio) team members who are coming to your door
and giving you the opportunity to save your children’s future. |
Audio In 00:12:17 Audio out 00:13:47 |
“January” Music In 00:12:33 Music Out 00:16:40 |
00:14:11 |
·
Gulnaz
on Camera |
|
Gulnaz
Shirazi: On the days that
I feel lonely doing (vaccination) work, I feel like my sister-in-law and my
niece are standing beside me, giving me courage saying, “You shouldn’t be
disheartened. Allah is with you. Remember this: our sacrifice should not go
to waste.” |
Audio in 00:14:11 Audio Out 00:14:35 |
|
00:14:38 00:14:44 00:14:46 00:14:55 00:14:59 00:15:17 00:15:35 00:16:10 |
·
Gulnaz
fades out of focus with text on screen ·
Fade
to black ·
Timelapse
on beach ·
Fade
to black ·
Text
on black screen ·
Fade
up from black- burqa clad women holding infants in arms ·
Fade
to black ·
Fade
up from black text graphic ·
Credits |
Text graphic: Gulnaz
Shirazi continues to work for eradicating polio. Text graphic: The
vaccine initiative yielded great success in the first nine months of 2015.
Only 29 cases of polio were diagnosed in Pakistan in that time compared to
306 cases in year 2014. During
the last 3 months of 2015, however, 22 new cases were diagnosed. Text
graphic: On the morning of January 13, 2016, a
suicide bomb attack killed at least 16 people, including 13 police officials
outside a polio center in Quetta. Vaccinators resumed work the same
afternoon. Pakistan Taliban and Jundullah, another
militant group each claimed responsibility for the attack and Jundullah
threatened more attacks on polio teams in the future. As of May, 11 new cases of polio have been
diagnosed in Pakistan in 2016. Credits: Reported and Directed by Aditya Prakash Director of Graphics Jin Wu Additional Reporting by Hamid-ur Rehman, Tehmina Qureshi, Ezra Kaplan Project Editor Josh Meyer Cinematography, Sound and Video Editing Aditya Prakash Special Thanks Rizvi Syed Framji Minwalla Christie Lauder Arman Sabir Wasif Shakil Music “January” by Kai Engel “Cylinder Eight” by Chris Zabriskie Film made for Medill National Security Reporting Project |
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