Unfortunate
Brothers |
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On Screen |
Narration/Interview/Story |
Time Code hour:min:sec:frames |
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Scene I Introduction of
Mr. Lee |
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Open on close up of Mr. Lee |
Mr. Lee. The
poison I carried with me was opium. North Korea encourages growing opium at the government level to make
dollars. They asked me to sell it in
China. |
01:00:10;24 |
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Mr. Lee Q ??. I felt
that I had been deceived all my life, when I saw China for myself. |
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The Lees prepare breakfast |
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Mr. Lee prays with family at the breakfast table |
Mr. Lee.
Heavenly Father, we thank thee for this delicious food today. / I
thank thee for allowing me the opportunity to come to South Korea / so that I
can help our North Korean brethren. / Please allow me to do a lot of good
deeds / and please let the day of reunification come quickly. / In the name
of Jesus Christ, amen. |
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Family eating breakfast |
Mr. Lee Q??. I
found out that in China there were no food problems at all. What on earth was this? Some countries don’t worry about food and
many people are dying from hunger in North Korea! What on earth was this? |
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Mr. Lee Q ??. I saw no hope living in North Korea so I
risked everything to escape. |
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Opening Title: UNFORTUNATE BROTHERS Korea’s
Reunification Dilemma |
01:01:40;06 |
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Zoom in from title gfx to rooftops in Seoul |
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Narration: After escaping the difficult conditions of
North Korea, Mr. Lee and more than 20,000 other North Korean refugees find
themselves grossly unprepared for their new lives. The stark cultural and
economic differences make it difficult to integrate into the fast paced and
modern South Korean society. |
01:02:10;03 |
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Peterson Q19:
Koreans have been victimized in the 20th century, and they were
taken over by the Japanese, divided by the United Nations, and then the Korean
War and they still haven’t recovered from the national division. And this is
termed, this is expressed in the term Han. Han means this regret or this
angst, this anxiety that many times Koreans say you can’t translate Han, but
it’s this feeling of being victimized and it’s expressed very well in the
Korean national folk song, // Arirang. Arirang is a mythical place, it
doesn’t exist, and the line goes, Arirang, (Speaks Korean), they’ve gone over
the Arirang pass. Who has gone over the mountain pass? (Speaks Korean), “my lover who has cast me
aside has crossed over the Arirang pass”, and it has a rather whimsical final
line it’s says, “may you have blisters on your feet before you’ve gone ten
lee,” |
01:02:42;19 |
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World War II footage War footage |
Narration: The
conditions that drove Mr. Lee to leave his home in North Korea have been over
a century in the making. Occupied by
Japan for much of the first half of the 20th century, Korea was
then divided up by the victorious allies at the conclusion of World War
II. Five years later
tensions on the peninsula between the South and North Korean governments
boiled over leading the North to invade the South. Full-scale war
resulted involving the US and it’s allies aiding the South Korean
government, while The Soviet Union and Communist China supported the North
Korean regime. The result was a
devastating three-year war ending in stalemate and then an uneasy armistice
that left Korea divided. |
01:03:42;23lll |
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B roll of Seoul, South Korea |
Narration: Today, Seoul bears little resemblance to
the impoverished, war torn city it once was, rather it stands as a symbol of
the vast economic and cultural divide reinforcing the division between the
two Koreas. |
01:04:34;19 |
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Mr Lee Q20/11: When I
came here, I thought, why should the North Koreans live like animals / and
the people living in this free world are concerned about diets and how to
lose weight. / The North Koreans only think about how to sustain their lives. |
01:04:49;23 |
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Flake Q6: After, the end of the Korean War, South
Korea was really struggling economically, it was South Korea that was
considered to be the economic basket case, and it was only through, you know,
beginning to industrialize and pursue export led growth that they began to grow,
and by most economists accounts it wasn’t until the late 70s, early 80s that
South Korea finally overtook North Korea in terms of per capita GNP. |
01:05:20;09 |
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Don Clark Q1: Well, having lived in Korea in the 1950s
and ‘60s, after the war, when South Korea was that poor, it’s possible to
compare conditions in the North today with what South Korea was like
then. And then you say, well I think I
know how this could unfold if the North Koreans could have the advantages
that the South Koreans acquired in rebuilding their country. |
01:05:42;03 |
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Narration: The
story of South Korea’s economic success began humbly; small companies run by
ordinary Koreans, many like Mr. Lee, refugees from North Korea. |
01:06:10;12 |
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Peterson Q5: When I first moved to Korea in 1965, I met
a friend, Mr. Chung, who at that time was working in a tailor shop, and
tailor shops were the hot business in those days. It was one of the things
that people could do, labor intensive, they measure you and fit you and cut
the, the cloth, you had a tailor-made suit for very little money. |
01:06:21;00 |
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Peterson Q5: When I
returned to Korea in 1973, He was supervising a wig factory, and wigs don’t
sound like a major industry, but this was huge in Korea because it was a
great way to capitalize on a natural resource Koreans had, good Korean hair. |
01:06:40;24 |
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Peterson Q7: It doesn’t sound like a major step in the
economic development, but the wig industry was a huge step forward for Korea
in terms of capitalization, in terms of learning to export and learning how
the international market worked. |
01:06:57;03 |
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Michael Young Q5: If you look at South Korea you see what
with far fewer resources than the north, you see the extraordinary, stunning
economic growth of the south, and you realize it's the same people with even
better economic resource base in terms of natural resources and other sorts
of things, and it's just an utter disaster. |
01:07:10;04 |
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NK State TV |
Narration: North Korean state television, delivers a
tightly controlled message, displaying only the purported successes of the
regime. This is in stark contrast to
the stories of deprivation and oppression from defectors like Mr. Lee. |
01:07:50;00 |
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Mr Lee Int 1 Q4: I lived for about ten years in Wonsan,
Gangwon Province until Kim Il Sung died, / when chaos broke out due to lack
of food. / There was no more food. / Humans, like animals, must eat to
survive. |
01:08:04;29 |
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Don Clark Q1: Well, everywhere you go the country reveals
itself as a very poor place. Don Clark Q2: North Korea has never been able to feed
itself. That the plantations, the
broad plains, the big rice fields have always been in South Korea. South Korea has always been the bread
basket of the Korean people. // Besides that, there have been some colossal
bad decisions on the North Korean part about agriculture, about fertilizer,
about soil and crop use. |
01:08:29;06 |
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Flake Q26: If you
look at the last decade, last decade and a half, you know by most, you know
estimates, one if not two million North Koreans have died by famine. And no
one else in the region died in that period of time of famine. So there’s no
other reason than the nature of the regime. |
01:08:55;18 |
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Flake Q26 cont.: That’s
not to say that we should invade North Korea right now, that we ought to try
to destabilize it and precipitously pursue unification now, but that said,
whenever we weigh these issues, that we need to be very cognizant that it is
not a value free equation. There are costs here, and they’re very real costs
in terms of North Korean people. |
01:09:11;27 |
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Mr. Lee Int 2 Q4: I felt bad; we are the same
people and we share the same blood, / but on one side there are so many
airplanes taking off every minute / and so many cars bumper to bumper on the
highway, / while on the other side there is barely a car and many unpaved
roads. / The reality was the difference between heaven and earth. |
01:09:31;10 |
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Time-lapse of Seoul |
Narration: The
dramatic disparity between the two Koreas is so great that one of the primary
concerns of South Korea is how to stem the tide of North Korean refugees they
expect to spill over the border should there be an abrupt unification. |
01:10:06;14 |
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Flake Q3: Early
on, a lot of researchers tried to figure out what level of, you know, standard
of living would you have to have in North Korea where North Koreans wouldn’t
feel the desire as mass floods of refugees, go into South Korea. And to do
that, say back in 2000, the assumption was that would have cost you something
about four trillion dollars. |
01:10:23;21 |
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Michael Young Q18: How do you take two remarkably disparate
economies, keep people in place, and improve the one without everybody
getting in there you on their bicycles and riding south. |
01:10:41;17 |
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Don Clark Q4: That is kind of a, not a laughable idea,
but an offensive idea, // I think it
would throw them back rather seriously on their heels if you say, well you
know when unification comes you’ll have to adjust to what the south wants you
to do. I don’t think, I don’t think
they have that in mind. |
01:10:55;21 |
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Berlin Wall movie
reel |
It was just a year ago that authorities in Communist
Germany, appalled by the number of … |
01:11:19;16 |
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Michael Young Q18: I had the opportunity to serve in the state
department during the first Bush administration and in that capacity,
immediately got asked to work as the legal advisor to U.S. delegation on
German unification. When I left the government I was asked to lead a large
scale study, seeing as there were any insights from the German experience
that might be relevant in terms of planning for, and thinking about potential
Korean unification and it was really an interesting exercise because there
are many differences that are important. |
01:11:39;10 |
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Michael Young Q18: The
gulf between the east and west German economy was far less than the gulf
between the North and South Korean economies, and yet that was incredibly
expensive for the Germans, so you can just imagine the expense that’s going
to be involved in the case of Korea. |
01:12:14;08 |
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Flake Q4: The
simple fact is that Koreans could never even begin to dream of a unification
scenario as relatively inexpensive, as smooth, as peaceful as you had in the
German scenario. So the costs in the Korean case are going to be much higher,
and the Koreans have known that and as a result, that’s why you’ve seen some
real reticence on the part of Korean policymakers. |
01:12:33;17 |
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Michael Young Q18: There were also differences in terms of
flow of information. I mean, most of the East Germans knew a lot about West
Germany. They knew product brands, they saw West German television, that
doesn’t exist in North Korea. |
01:12:58;09 |
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Michael Young Q18: I mean, you’ve got virtually no information
that has crossed the border. No sense of what democratic institutions look
like or what the debates or the political parties are like, very little
experience now after all these years with a market oriented economy and all
that that means in terms of personal initiative and personal sacrifice. |
01:13:11;00 |
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Don Q3: To
visit North Korea is to encounter a very human situation, to see people
trying to get to work, kids getting to school, being friends, laughing,
holding hands, walking down the street, //
it’s a real environment I mean that the North Koreans are
regular folks, that they, they have, they Don Q13 cont.: think they’re normal. |
01:13:32;21 |
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Q11/I4-Mr. Lee: Right
now, North Korea and South Korea have different political systems. / We had
better leave the North Korean system as is, but revive its economy gradually
to bring balanced development and improve people's welfare. / Otherwise,
there will only be chaos when unification happens. |
01:14:00;16 |
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Mr Lee Int 2 Q3: We thought we had come to our brother
country, but we were disappointed to be treated like the military. We were commaded to “stand up,” “sit down,”
“don’t talk,” or “go to bed.” So we
thought what on earth was this?” Mr Lee Int 2 Q5: After having been investigated by the NIS
for one month, we were transferred to Hanawon. |
01:14:39;07 |
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Lee Seo Q1: In 1970, President Park Jung Hee organized
the Board of National Unification / to systematize the unification issues. / |
01:15:18;22 |
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Lee Seo Q9: The personnel at Hanawon re-educate the
defectors in the facility for three to five months / so they can adapt to
South Korean society. |
01:15:29;14 |
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Exterior and then interior shots of Hanawan |
Youn Q3: At first we thought that North Koreans are
still Koreans, / we speak the same Korean language, / so we didn’t expect
they could face any difficulty / in settling down in South Korean society.
/ But in reality, the six and a half
decades of separation / made South Korea and North Korea quite different. / |
01:15:42;17 |
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Lee Seo Q9: One problem is their accent. / They try to
avoid letting people know they are defectors, / but because of the North
Korean accent, people can recognize them easily. / So they worry about that
because they cannot change their accent quickly. |
01:16:07;16 |
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Need to re-read as per underlined |
Narration: Getting
permission to film in the Hanawan resettlement center is extremely
difficult. It is not allowed under any
circumstances to show images of refugees.
There is a justified fear of North Korean reprisals against defectors
and the Hanawan staff takes great care to make sure defectors identities are
not exposed. |
01:16:26;16 |
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Mr. Lee Int 2 Q6: We had
about three thousand defectors come to Korea last year alone, / which is a
little less than three hundred a month. / In my group there were about a
hundred and fifty people with about 40 males and the rest females. / I
noticed that the fence was very high like a prison, which was another
nonsensical matter to us. |
01:16:48;20 |
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Lee Seo Q9: The education program lasts three to six
months. / They separate the single males and females, but they keep the
families together. / The defectors learn about capitalism and Korean society
as part of the program. |
01:17:15;19 |
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Youn Q5: In daily life, what they need to know we
teach them. / For example, open a bank account, / taking subways and taking
the bus, / and go shopping. / It may sound strange, / why teach going
shopping. / Because North Korean people / have lived in an economy of
shortage. / They didn’t have a lot of commodities around them. / So whenever
they see some good things / they try to buy it / regardless of whether it is
necessary for them / and whether they could afford them. |
01:17:46;29 |
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Lee Int 2 Q5: We
had classes on South Korean society. What kind of country it was, what system
it had; / along with the politics, the economy, the culture, and the welfare
system. / We were also taught how to live and succeed here. |
01:18:27;05 |
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Youn Q12: Through the experience of Hanawon’s
operation, / we realize what we should teach North Korean people. / What kind
of things they need to learn, / what kind of thing they need to take care of
/ like health care and education. / By running Hanawan we have learned a lot
about that kind of thing. / It could be very useful for social integration
after unification. |
01:18:44;29 |
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Previous Narration: Despite
government efforts, many defectors that go through Hanawon still find it
difficult to adjust to life in South Korea.
For many, Hanawon is simply not enough. |
Mr Lee Int 2 Q6: I got to know the system in Seoul. / Now I had
to find a job. / The government doesn't assist in that. / I got hired at a
restaurant and worked part time. / When I was in North Korea I was a trader
and manager of many employees. / And now I wash dishes. / I was stressed out
thinking, "Did I come here to live like this?" / But it was the way
I chose. / I had to start from the bottom. / That's what the Koreans do. |
01:19:25;21 |
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B-Roll Hanawan |
Zeong Kuk Young Q5: First of all, the education period is too short, so it cannot
provide any vocational training. /
Once you complete the course and you are placed in South Korea, / you feel
the language and the culture are totally different. |
01:20:26;26 |
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Lunch B-Roll Hanawan |
Zeong Kuk Young Q13: I think Hanawon must exist / even though the
training period is too short and there are so many defectors. / I learned a
lot during the short three month training period and it became a good memory
in my life. |
01:21:07;04 |
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REWRITE AND REREAD |
Narration: While
Mr. Lee and his wife, also a defector, have struggled to adapt to
South Korean life, his children are fully integrated. Yet despite his hopes
that his kids will see a united Korea, they are part of a growing younger
generation that does not necessarily share their parents desire for unification.
It’s a generation gap that could hold profound consequences for both
Koreas. |
01:21:49;03 |
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Scene III Dance Club and Youth Culture |
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R16 Party B-Roll |
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DJsoulscape Q1E: My name is Min
Joon Park. / I am a DJ and producer working in Seoul, Korea. |
01:22:16;07 |
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Narration: South
Korea is becoming a dominant cultural force not just in Asia, but
internationally as well. Its growing
young population has created a vibrant youth culture that is vastly different
than the traditions of their parent’s generation. |
01:22:27;16 |
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DJsoulscape Q1E: These days, I think
kids, they’re exposed to like, everything and they can access to every kind
of culture and cultural phenomenon. So it makes a whole lot different from
the past. |
01:22:43;06 |
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City B-Roll |
Yi Q5: After
the Korean War, Korea, Korea’s main concern was economic development. Korean
society became more open. So
youngsters had more freedom to create the kind of films they wanted, the kind
of music they wanted and since then it was just a major change in culture in
general. |
01:23:09;01 |
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VJ Kwon Music Video |
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01:23:30;04 |
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Peterson Q8: One of
the things that is really interesting to me to watch pop culture in Korea is
to watch the thing called the Hanyu. The Hanyu is the Korean wave, this wave
of culture that is sweeping across all of China and Japan and Asia. |
01:23:41;14 |
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Yi Q7: There is a very interesting cultural mix
between the kind of western, the arts, popular culture and traditional Korean
arts and popular culture. |
01:23:55;28 |
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VJ Kwon Music Video |
Peterson Q8: Young Japanese think young Koreans are
cool, and they are cool because they have these wonderful pop music videos
and songs and great high energy performances, great tv actors, and great
stories that young Japanese just really enjoy. So we’ve had a seat change in
Japan in attitudes toward Korea, and this is a measure of how different the
younger generation in Korea is from the older generation in Korea. |
01:24:10;16 |
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Flake Q10: The younger
generation is much more focused on the United States, on Europe, on the world
writ large, again they’re very wired in, they’re very international in
nature. |
01:24:37;16 |
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Club B-Roll |
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Yi Q11: If you look at
club scenes in big cities of Korea, then you tend to think that this the gap
between the south and north bigger and bigger, and you wonder if this
generation really wants reunification of the country. |
01:24:50;29 |
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DJsoulscape Q10E: Only, only few people have, had the
experience of the Korean War and post war, it’s a whole different matter for
this generation. |
01:25:08;01 |
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Park B-Roll |
Flake Q10 cont: Anybody who is under fifty years of age is
very unlikely to have an immediate brother or sister, father or mother, or
even grandparent living in North Korea. And so the personal level ties that
would kind of make this a personal issue for the broader culture are not
going to be there. So understandably, there is going to be a gap between
those with direct experience, the older generation and the younger
generation. |
01:25:25;23 |
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Girls school B-roll |
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DJsoulscape Q10K: The unification concept has changed greatly
compared to the past. / In the past, we thought that there had to be
unification / because we are one people. / It may be true that the sense of
cultural unity / has diminished after fifty or sixty years of separation. |
01:25:51;25 |
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Don Q3: The
contrast, people say stark contrast, but I mean I’ll just say contrast,
between North and South Korea is, is huge, and you don’t really see how they
could ever get back together again. / The people of those two countries have
been educated since birth in two completely different national stories. Who are their heroes? What were the, who were the winners? Who
were the losers? Who were the good guys?
Who were the bad guys? |
01:26:15;24 |
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Girls school B-roll |
Flake Q9:
Aspirationally, on an emotional level, of course. Every class every South
Korean has ever taken, every family narrative is a narrative of the tragedy
of the division of this nation. They are one people. One language, one
history, and they are artificially divided by the Cold War. And so clearly
every South Korean wants unification. But, if you then dial that down to much
more specific questions like, do you support unification now? Those numbers
drop dramatically. |
01:26:40;16 |
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Scene IV |
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Mr. Lee unpacking socks |
Narration: Mr. Lee does not let the generation gap or
South Korea’s reluctance to pay for unification, should it ever come, deter
his efforts. He devotes all his
working time to help his brothers from the North. Several
times a year, he launches balloons that carry humanitarian items and messages
of hope across the heavily guarded border. |
01:27:17;04 |
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Mr. Lee Int 3 Q4: I thought a lot about the legal,
reasonable, simple and most needful item that we could send and concluded
that it was socks. / First of all,
socks are small and light so we are able to send a lot. / In North Korea,
socks are an even more important necessity than other items. / One pair is
used, and extras are sold or traded. / So socks can become both food and
money. / Socks are the same as money falling from the sky. |
01:27:37;22 |
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Mr. Lee loading truck Cut out underlined
“well” in the sub-title |
Mr. Lee Int 2 Q7: I told
my wife that I was sorry that others work for a company and make several
thousand dollars a month / and save to prepare for old age or help their
family in North Korea, / but I am not like them. / So I told my children, “your
destiny is yours, do not expect anything from your parents. / I brought you
to a country where you can eat and live well. / You should make an effort to
develop your future. / Dad has something to do for North Korea.” |
01:28:36;20 |
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Mr. Lee on-cam |
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Narration: Mr. Lee’s cross-boarder humanitarian
operation, decried by North Korea and tolerated by the South, faces a
sizeable, almost impenetrable physical roadblock.
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01:29:28;11 |
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SGT Juarez at
Terrain map: The southern boundary fence-line that you notice around
here is it defendable territory of the DMZ. It was originally intended to be
two km south, two km north. Due to the fact that we can’t support some of the
area, as defendable Republic of Korea, they built a fence-line along the
defendable area. Originally it was
intended to wrap around… |
01:29:38;29 |
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Peterson Q1: The
DMZ, the demilitarized zone, is an, is an oxymoron, it’s not demilitarized.
It’s the most heavily militarized place on the planet these days. It’s a two
and a half mile strip that goes across the whole peninsula, cutting right
across its waist, separating North Korea from South Korea. |
01:29:54;12 |
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Narration: Since the armistice agreement was signed
in 1953, the 38th Parallel has been a bloody barrier between two
nations still technically at war. // After 60 years of tension, security
still remains high with the constant threat of renewed conflict. |
01:30:20;23 |
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General Kim Q21: I
think the North-South relationship has been unilateral in the past. / The
South Korean people have worked very hard for over sixty years beginning with
labor-intensive industries to the current era of technology. / In the
meantime North Korea has continuously provoked us. |
01:30:42;29 |
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ROK Marines on DMZ |
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Narration: Since 1953, North Korea has violated
the armistice agreement over 200 times.
Creating a cycle of provocation and retaliation between the two
Koreas. In recent years the North has tested nuclear devices, long range
missiles, launched artillery attacks against South Korean islands and sunk
the south Korean naval vessel the Cheonan. |
01:31:31;00 |
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Don Q11: The
North Korean perspective is that the provocations come from the other
side. When they sank the Cheonan,
nobody much mentions the maneuvers, the joint maneuvers that were going on in
those waters with US and South Korean naval forces at the time. The North
Korean side would be totally, well, we were trying to make a statement, you
can’t just bring a Corvette into our territorial waters and roam around at
will. We’re going to control that. |
01:31:57;09 |
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Kim Shin Jo Insert for long version of program
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Narration to set up Kim
Shin Jo story (NOT CURRENTLY IN PROGRAM |
Narration: Of all the North Korean provocations, there are some that stand out
for their audacity. One of the most
remarkable is simply known as the Blue House Raid. |
01:32:28;22 |
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Kim Shin Jo: I was 27 years old when I came to South
Korea to kill President Park in 1968. |
01:32:38;24 |
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Peterson Q24: In January of 1968 I was in Korea living in
a place called (inaudible), which is
very close to the Blue-House, the Presidential mansion. And that night we
were just folding up getting ready to go to bed when we heard this pop, pop,
pop stuff going on. And we thought oh, there’s some kind of exercise. // And
then we saw machine gun fire. We could see the tracers, and if you can see
the tracers you know those aren’t blanks. |
01:32:44;12 |
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Kim Shin Jo Q1: On January 21, 1968, we communist guerrilla
arrived at the gate / of Chungwadae (The Blue House) and confronted the South
Korean police. / At the back gate of Chungwoon Middle School, the chief of
the Jongro Police Station / confronted us so we killed him along with the
other policemen. |
01:33:14;12 |
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Peterson Q24: it was a James Bond style squad of highly
trained North Korean commandos who had come down and had run, marathon
runners, so they, the South Koreans and the Americans knew they had come
through the DMZ, but they didn’t realize they had come down so quickly. // To
show you how dangerous it was. There was a older gentleman two doors down
from our gate who stepped out to see what was going on and one of the squads
came by and shot him right there. Of
the 31 commandos that came down 29 were killed. They refused to surrender. They shot their way till they died. |
01:33:51;20 |
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Kim Shin Jo Q2: I was going to escape to the North alone, /
but I was discovered hiding at the hills. // I had been on the run for days
and was desperate. / I had not slept or eaten at all in three nights and four
days. // I was so exhausted that I did not think about I Kim Il Sung or my
mission. / So I dropped my weapons, raised my hands and surrendered. |
01:34:33;10 |
|
Need to work on “Finally” |
Peterson Q24:
Finally // he realized that everything they were telling him in the north was
false, and that he was misled and he could go through South Korea, see the
markets, see the houses and realize that South Korea had a better way of
living and thus he, he converted and changed. |
01:35:16;29 |
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|
Kim Shin Jo Q5: They told me it was Kim Il Sung’s faut, he
gave the order and it was not my doing. /
The police detectives did not beat me nor swear at me, but showed me
love and acknowledged that it was not my fault. / That was why I had a change
of heart and cooperated with the investigation. |
01:35:35;03 |
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|
Narration: Kim
Shin Jo paid a steep price for his betrayal of the North. Upon receiving citizenship in 1970, his
parents were executed and the remaining members of his family were purged. |
01:36:11;07 |
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Kim Shin Jo Insert for long version of program
- end |
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|
ROK Marine B roll |
Gen Kim Q21: South Korea will not begin a war. / But if North Korea begins a war, then
there will be war. / Also, we cannot
overlook these local provocations any more. / We have had so many of them in
the past. |
01:36:38;18 |
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|
Young Q10: The North Koreans have this wonderful
pattern of basically doing something quite terrible and then there's a
negotiation and they exact some price to promise not to do the terrible thing
again, |
01:37:05;18 |
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|
M. Young Q15: There’s not a lot of evidence conciliation
has worked much, and there’s not a lot of evidence that you know that a
hard-line has worked very much. // and I think it’s also fair to say that if
you’ve reached your hand out and tried and it kind of gets bitten or slapped
every time, why continue with that policy at least try something else. |
01:37:15;15 |
|
North Korean military demonstration |
Don Q12: It’s important when the North, when there’s
an eruption of trouble on the Korean peninsula to remember that there is a
logic to both side’s behavior. The
North Koreans have some reason for doing what they’re doing. It may be an internal reason and maybe
inscrutably local and hard for us to divine with the information that we have
from the outside, but they are doing it for a reason. |
01:37:44;04 |
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|
Peterson Q12: The
secret to understanding what’s going on in North Korea is to understand, that
what ever they’re doing, it’s for domestic consumption. They don’t really
care that much about they’re relations with South Korea or with North United
States, they’re primary concern is maintaining their control and their hold
on society. |
01:38:09;06 |
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|
Mr. Lee Int 2 Q9: Recently
the two sides are hostile. / The North Koreans are a very proud people. /
Even if they are beaten to death they will never say it is painful. / They
don’t apologize. / Their history is a series of battles. |
01:38:24;05 |
|
The New Leader |
Narration: The
passing of Kim Jong Il and the succession of his son Kim Jong Un has ushered
in a new era of North Korean saber rattling. |
01:38:45;14 |
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|
Peterson Q14: Two of the biggest
obstacles to reunification right now are North Korean arms developments, in
two ways, one is launching missiles, the second is developing a nuclear bomb.
And of course, they’ve done both. |
01:38:58;01 |
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|
Flake Q24: Then
when you step back and look at broader regional and global issues, and you
start asking questions about denuclearization, that’s where the problem
becomes, you know, more difficult. |
01:39:11;13 |
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|
Flake Q24: We
have this problem that North Korea now has tested a nuclear weapon // and
they’ve declared themselves a nuclear power. So how do you engage North Korea
without recognizing them as a nuclear power. |
01:39:26;19 |
|
Missile launch B-roll |
Peterson Q14: For the north, this is a huge step forward.
This is a validation that the socialist system is working, that they have
scientists and technologists that are joining the advanced countries of the
world that can launch a satellite and can develop a nuclear bomb. // For a
country that sees itself as surrounded by enemies on all sides, being picked
on, being isolated, this is tremendous benefit for them domestically and it’s
a huge barrier to unification. |
01:39:41;28 |
|
Kim Jung Un speaks at the pulpit |
Narration: Missile
launches and threats to continue testing nuclear weapons are suspected to be
the result of the new leader out to prove himself and further consolidate
power. |
01:40:25;13 |
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|
Peterson Q12: Imagine
the situation that Kim Jong-un is facing. A young man, raised for this job,
pruned for this job, and yet surrounded by some men that are old enough to be
his grandfather, in uniform with stars on their epaulette, and he is their
commander. |
01:40:36;25 |
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|
Q16-Flake: It
was almost impossible to imagine this scenario while Kim Jong-il was alive,
where North Korea would begin to reform or open, or even that you’d have real
instability at that level of power, but now with the transition, there’s an
opportunity for change. |
01:40:53;08 |
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|
Gen Kim Q6: As
long as they have nuclear weapons, they would not want unification. / We
predict that they may provoke us with many other attacks. / There will be no
progress until there is an abolition of nuclear weapons and a change in their
strategic idea. |
01:41:06;10 |
|
NK B roll |
Young Q19: We’ve got a rogue regime that has the
capacity for developing nuclear weapons and selling fissionable material,
while it may not use it itself, selling it to people who are less reticent to
use it. |
01:41:42;19 |
|
|
Flake Q24: If we
were to in the effort of trying to solve the Korean peninsula problem, ignore
that, ignore everything they’ve done, we would defacto recognize them as a
nuclear power, // and the question then becomes, if a country that is poor,
starving, backwards, a pariah regime that abuses human rights, you know,
smuggles drugs, counterfeits currencies, has never met a weapons system that
it wasn’t willing to export to the worst people in the world, if that kind of
country can be recognized as a nuclear power and as a negotiating counterpart
as a nuclear power, who can’t? |
01:41:55;14 |
|
Mr. Lee at truck B-roll |
Narration: Despite continuing threats and provocations by the North Korean
regime, Mr. Lee remains dedicated to his mission of providing humanitarian
aid to his former countrymen, and retains hope that there will someday be a
peaceful and diplomatic path towards unification. |
01:42:38;02 |
|
|
Mr. Lee int 4 Q10: Recently, the U.S. only seems to be interested in North Korea's
nuclear weapons and not in human rights and economic development. / If they
are interested, they should work together with the UN and other world
organizations. / China aligns itself with North Korea. / We have to talk
China out of this so that the world can help North Korea become a free and
normal country. |
01:42:55;20 |
|
|
Young Q19: There
is a concern on the part of China that if you have a unified Korea that's
very heavily armed, it's got west leaning orientation to be sure, and at the
end of the day you might find that the political dynamic to keep US troops
kind of goes away in which case you have a heavily armed Korea staring at a
heavily armed China, |
01:42:55;20 |
|
|
Young Q12: That concern is diminished dramatically
think given the deeper integration of their economies now. And I think that ultimately it’s going to
have to result in some serious reassessment on the part of China of its
relationships to North Korea. |
01:44:07;03 |
|
|
Young Q19: But
nevertheless I think there's a little bit of concern there. |
01:44:21;06 |
|
|
Flake Q12: The prevailing narrative for the last
thirty, forty years has been that the Chinese want North Korea as a buffer
state. // I’m not convinced that it’s entirely because they are afraid of
having a South Korean regime on their borders, and that they want a buffer,
but more than anything else I think they’re afraid of the process
instability. |
01:44:30;27 |
|
|
Peterson Q17: I
think that the Chinese are rather annoyed by the North Koreans. I think they
see the North Koreans as a giant step backward on the socialist progression
that the communists in China have achieved, |
01:44:46;24 |
|
|
Peterson Q17: The
refugee case is a huge thorn in China’s side because you’ve got all these
refugees that are sneaking over the border into China, not into South Korea,
they can’t get their directly through the DMZ, not to Japan by the ocean, but
by land into China. |
01:44:59;20 |
|
Map Graphic |
Narration: China’s shared border with North Korea and
its large ethnic Korean population along the border have facilitated escape
for thousands of North Koreans over the past six decades. |
01:45:21;02 |
|
Chinese Village B-Roll |
Mr. Lee Int 1 Q7: If it were known that I would be going to
South Korea, my family would have been killed. So I did not say a word to my family. / I
made my own decision. One evening I
approached the guards I knew to let them know I was going to China. / In
order to get to South Korea, I would need to go through China, but I did not
know the route. / So I stayed in China
for a month to collect information. I
found people who knew how to get to South Korea. / I always carried poison
with me so that I could kill myself in case I was arrested. / That is better
than being killed like a dog. |
01:45:33;28 |
|
|
Narration: China’s large ethnic Korean population
closely follows relations between the two Koreas. Many sympathize with the plight of North
Korean defectors and help them once they arrive in China. However, while many
defectors like Mr. Lee successfully escape, others are not so fortunate. |
01:45:33;28 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 1 Q15: As you know in North Korea, if a member of
your family escapes to South Korea you will be treated differently by the
government. / Such was the case of my brother. / I told my brother,
"Come to the South. / You do not have any future in the North and
because I am in the South, you will be persecuted anyway." |
01:46:39;13 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 1/Q15: I told my brother to bring
poison with him in case he should get caught. It is better to kill yourself
than being beaten to death. |
01:47:02;01 |
|
Change underlined to on her lap in my mother's |
Mr. Lee Int 1/Q15: As they was crossing the
river, my brother was caught by the guards who were hiding. / It was obvious
that he had attempted to cross the border. / My brother took the poison when
he was caught by the Tumen River. / The doctor said that he would live only a
few hours. / So my mother took him home and he died on her lap. / I should
say it was me who killed him. |
01:47:09;19 |
|
|
SGT Jaurez at
Conference Row: Alright
Gentlemen, welcome to Conference Row, the official meeting place for the
United Nation command and the UNZ for the North Koreans and KPA. All the blue
buildings here belong to the United Nations command, while the grey/tan
buildings belong to the KPA. The large grey building on the other side of
Conference Row is the // the North
Korean’s visitor’s center or the Panuon Dock. You can see there is one
soldier stairs today, the other soldiers sits inside with a large camera
taking our pictures today… |
01:47:57;01 |
|
|
Flake Q13: The U.S. does
genuinely support reunification, our hope obviously, is that we can handle
the process of unification well enough that we would still have an alliance
with a unified Korea, that it would be a unified Korea under an open
democratic regime that is a market economy and is an ally of the United
States. |
01:48:22;26 |
|
|
Gen Kim Q15: The interest on the Korean Peninsula is not
only for the Korean Peninsula / but also for the balance of Northeast Asia.
// I see the importance of the U.S-Korea alliance here. / In any case, the Korea-US
alliance will help keep the balance of security / on the Korean Peninsula and
Northeast Asia. |
01:48:41;20 |
|
|
Don Clark Q6: I think that North Korea will change. //
But // is there a scenario for, for the Korean peninsula that doesn’t involve
millions of people getting killed? That’s what I really care about, because
there are lots of scenarios, and most of them, including some pretty likely
ones, are very violent. You know, you look at Seoul, well they would never
risk this. Well you know what, they’re risking it. And the North Koreans as
well. |
01:49:06;25 |
|
Mr. Lee Balloon Launch Prep |
Narration: While
security concerns and regional rivalries dominate thinking at a national
level, and younger generations of South Koreans feel and know less about their
northern neighbor, Mr. Lee’s activism has drawn hundreds to his cause and
seeks to keep the suffering of North Koreans on the public agenda. |
01:49:40;00 |
|
|
Flake Q14: The truth is, the greatest obstacle between
unification is Koreans. The South Koreans doesn’t want to pay the price of
reunification and again, who can blame them? It’s an astronomical cost in
that process. The North Koreans don’t want unification because they don’t
want to be absorbed like East Germany was. You know they are the weak system,
they will lose everything. The privileged elite in North Korea will not be
the privileged elite in South Korea, right, in a unified Korean peninsula. |
01:50:03;01 |
|
|
Gen Kim Q21: We have to avoid unconditional support, /
but we also need to consider whether we will support, collaborate, and
exchange / for the sake of the North Korean people or not; / is it for the 20
million people out of 23 million, or for the remaining 3 million elites? |
01:50:27;06 |
|
|
Q26-Flake: In terms of the broader question of
unification. China, Russia, Japan, the United States, South Korea all decided
that we did not want a precipitous unification, we did not want a collapse of
North Korea, because it was too risky, and we didn’t want to pay the price of
unification. That’s still our position today essentially. That makes sense,
and I actually still basically support that position, but we need to be very
cognizant with ourselves, or very honest with ourselves that there is a price
that is being paid // in terms of the horrific human rights situation in
North Korea. |
01:50:49;20 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 1 Q16: You need to actually see it instead of
hearing about it. |
01:51:22;20 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 4
Q13: It is any ruler's basic
obligation to feed and clothe his people. / This is inhumane. |
01:51:29;29 |
|
|
Narration: There
are significant challenges facing Korean reunification. For now Mr. Lee continues his mission to
help the people of North Korea and keep the hope of unification alive in a
South Korea that is growing further apart from it’s North Korean brethren
everyday. |
01:51:51;03 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 3 –
Q1: Frankly, even if I live in South Korea, my heart is in North Korea. /
They are not strangers, but my brethren. / I wanted to take advantage of this
opportunity to improve the life of the North Koreans and assist in the
process of unification |
01:52:07;02 |
|
|
Mr. Lee Int 4 –
Q11: I see unification in many different ways and forms.
/ Two nations can become one, having one regime, / but this kind of
unification is impossible for now. Maybe in a few decades. |
01:52:28;07 |
|
|
Narration: Mr.
Lee’s balloon launches are meticulously planned and executed. However, despite careful preparation,
launches are often aborted or delayed due to weather, security concerns or
other circumstances beyond his control. The prospects for Korean unification
balance on similar unpredictable events. South Korean opinions, change in
North Korean leadership and Chinese support of the regime are all factors
that could push the peninsula closer or further from being unified.
Ultimately, Koreans and the world will have to wait for what most see as a
difficult but inevitable reunification of a people long divided. |
01:52:55;19 |
|
Sending Balloons |
|
|
|
|
Peterson Q22: You know the question of unification, it
could happen any time. It could happen by the time this film is aired.
Something could happen in the North, a adventuresome military commander could
decide to take over and sue for peace with the south and say, hey we want to
be part of this, not this part of this failed economic system in the North.
That could happen tomorrow and it could take another thirty or fifty years.
It’s really hard to say. |
01:53:40;26 |
|
Closing Credits |
Co-Written and Directed by Dodge Billingsley
Producers: Cory Leonard, Jeff Ringer Associate Producer and Graphics: Kenneth Hoffman Camera: Dodge Billingsley, Scott Thornton Narration: Michael Havey Additional Camera: Josh Lewis, Todd Sansom, Cameron
Trejo Translation and Transcription: K.C. Lee, Morgan
Metcalf, Shawn Mun Korea Production Team: Hubert Huh, Jinhoon Kang Additional Footage Provided by: Ken Ramage, Eric
Ferguson, National Archives, DVIDS, Uriminzokkiri Satellite Imagery Provided by: NASA, GeoEye Music by Incompetech: www.incompetech.com Gnarled Situation by: Kevin MacLeod Lightless Dawn by: Kevin MacLeod Unanswered Questions by: Kevin MacLeod Time Passes by: Kevin MacLeod Face Off by: Kevin MacLeod Terminal by: Kevin MacLeod Dark times by: Kevin MacLeod Long Note 1 by: Kevin MacLeod Mourning Song by: Kevin MacLeod Long Note 2 by: Kevin MacLeod Night Break by: Kevin MacLeod “Step Up” Performed by Supreme Team, Directed by
Theoreticallyimpossible, Kwon+dizi Special Thanks to: Wynn Hougaard, Eric Hyer, R.O.K.
Marince Corps, R.O.K. Ministry of Unification Post Audio: Joseph Belliston, Todd Bowen, Steven
Roper Funding Provided by: Kennedy Center Additional Funding Provided by: Utah Humanities
Council Copyright Combat Films and Research 2013 |
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