POST PRODUCTION SCRIPT
FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT
2019
Man vs Wild
29 mins 21 secs
©2019
ABC
Ultimo Centre
700
Harris Street Ultimo
NSW
2007 Australia
GPO
Box 9994
Sydney
NSW
2001 Australia
Phone:
:61 419 231 533
e-mail : miller.stuart@abc.net.au
Precis |
Our Indian cameraman Gurmeet saw the attack
as he fled… |
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|
“I saw a cloud of dust, one elephant
charging over one man, and that man got under the feet of the elephant. We
thought ‘This dude is dead’” |
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The man under the elephant was our local
guide, Sanu. Amazingly he survived, with just a few scratches. |
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“My feet slipped… the elephant hit me. I’m
lucky, or I’d be dead by now,” Sanu explains to his wife. “Why were you such
a show-off?” she snaps. |
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|
Danger is ever-present in Assam state in
India’s north east, where 6000 elephants live among 30 million people. The animals’
forest habitat is being sliced up for new rice paddies, tea plantations,
roads and villages. Their old migratory trails, up to 1000 kilometres long,
are strewn with man-made obstacles. |
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|
So the big herds are hemmed in, with nowhere
to go. They raid villages and crops for food.
They kill and terrify local people. Last year in Assam state alone,
elephants killed at least 64 people. |
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Elephants are sacred in India and evoke the
image of the popular Hindu deity Ganesh. But patience is thin among farmers
when entire rice harvests are destroyed. |
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“Yes, they’re hungry but we’re hungry too,”
says Sharayan Bodo, who guards his crop at night armed with a crude
spear. “Lord Ganesh is a god, but
elephants are not.” |
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|
As correspondent Siobhan Heanue discovers,
the elephants are taunted nearly everywhere they go as crowds of locals pelt
them with rocks, firecrackers and shot pellets. Sometimes they move on, as
intended. Sometimes they attack. |
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“I’m still shaking from the noise and
ferocity of something that big coming towards you,” says Heanue, after
fleeing an angry female elephant which had been separated from her calf. |
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“Due to the encounters with humans, the
elephants have changed their behaviour,” says conservationist and filmmaker
Rita Banarji. “They are more aggressive than they used to be.” |
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Despite the conflict and a recent fall in
India’s elephant population, Banarji is determinedly optimistic. She sees a
“win-win situation” ahead and sets out how to strike a delicate balance
between the needs of people and those of the giants that roam among them. |
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Episode
tease. GFX: |
Music |
00:00 |
Siobhan in field |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “I hear them trumpeting, they’re really close”. |
00:13 |
|
V/O: The giants of the forest and the men trying
to control them. |
00:16 |
Local men with spears and
guns/Villagers run |
Music
|
00:25 |
Elephants give chase |
Tonight,
on the frontline, where elephants and humans collide. |
00:34 |
Gurmeet 100% |
GURMEET
SAPAL: “We thought that this dude is dead”. |
00:43 |
GFX: Foreign Correspondent |
|
00:47 |
GVs Village life. Morning
bathing |
Music |
00:53 |
GFX: Assam State, India |
|
01:03 |
Elephants in field. GFX: |
|
01:12 |
GFX: Reporter:
Siobhan Heanue |
|
01:20 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: In one of the world’s most
populous countries, there are places where wild animals roam. |
01:27 |
Rhinoceros, water buffalo |
This
is the far north-east corner of India.
We’ve come to investigate a deadly conflict. |
01:35 |
Villagers fire at migrating
elephants |
There
are nearly 6,000 elephants here and 30 million people. They’re having trouble
co-existing. |
01:45 |
Rita interview. Super: |
RITA
BANERJI: [Conservationist] “So elephants, by their natural behaviour, migrate
through these long distances, sometimes from 600 kilometres to 1000
kilometres, from one forest area to the other”. |
02:01 |
Migrating elephants/ workers
in field |
Music
|
02:11 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Elephants like to use the same trails year after year. Increasingly though human obstacles are in
the way – villages and towns, tea plantations and rice fields. In Assam state alone elephants killed 70 people
last year. The elephant death toll was remarkably similar, up to 70, Indian
officials say. |
02:19 |
Rita interview |
RITA
BANERJI: “From the month of September to December every year, every day,
almost every part, not only in the east of India but other parts of India,
you have elephant and human encounters. Like this year there have been so
many deaths of humans as well as elephants”. |
02:48 |
Drone shots. Nameri jungle
camp |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: We’ve based ourselves in the Nameri jungle camp, in the Sonitpur
district. Elephant watching is a
growing business. |
03:07 |
Siobhan in camp to camera,
into jeep |
[in
camp] “We’ve just heard, on the bush telegraph if you like, there’s s a
massive herd of elephants that’s come into a tea plantation not far from
here. Some people say 40, some people have told us 60 or more, so we’re going
to go now and see if we can find them”. |
03:16 |
Jeep leaves camp with Sanu |
Music
|
03:31 |
Sanu driving |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Our guide, Sanu Bhuyan, knows how to track the roaming herds. |
03:39 |
Driving shots |
Music
|
03:43 |
Siobhan in car |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “So as you can imagine, Assam is full of tea plantations and while
elephants don’t actually eat the tea, they use the plantations as
thoroughfares on their way to and from other habitats where they do munch on
food, they use them to rest in the middle of the day”. |
03:48 |
Sanu driving. Siobhan in
jeep |
“Sanu,
what are they saying?” |
04:04 |
|
SANU
BHUYAN: “They are saying the elephant herd is still here”. |
04:06 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “So we could see… could be as many as 60 elephants which will be an
incredible sight”. |
04:08 |
Driving shots |
Music
|
04:15 |
Local men with Siobhan and
Sanu |
LOCAL
MAN: “Many elephants are there, around a hundred”. |
04:30 |
|
SANU
BHUYAN: “Is it possible to see them?
Are they hiding?” LOCAL
MAN: “It is possible”. SANU
BHUYAN: “OK”. |
04:35 |
Driving to elephants |
Music
|
04:45 |
Workers in tea plantation. |
|
04:50 |
Drone shot. Driving through
tea plantation |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: It takes us more than an hour of searching this plantation to find
the herd. |
04:58 |
Elephant herd in plantation |
Music
|
05:17 |
Young men and children
gather and tease elephants |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Young men and children of the plantation workers have flocked to see
the animals. |
05:20 |
|
It’s
not just a spectator sport. They’re teasing the elephants. |
05:30 |
|
Music
|
05:36 |
Sanu and Siobhan watch
elephants |
SANU
BHUYAN: “They have no knowledge about elephants. So they do it like it’s fun”. SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “They do it for fun, but it’s dangerous.” SANU
BHUYAN: “Yes, very dangerous”. |
05:57 |
Elephants |
Music
|
06:07 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: The stand-off continues for hours.
|
06:13 |
Forestry Dept officers
arrive, spread out through plantation, fire at elephants |
Finally,
officers from the Forestry Department turn up. |
06:27 |
|
There
doesn’t appear to be much of a plan, other than to scare the herd off. |
06:52 |
Elephant charges truck. Man
fires with rubber pellets. |
What
you’re about to see is disturbing. An
elephant guarding her calf, feels threatened and charges a forestry
truck. She’s shot in the face with
rubber pellets. |
07:00 |
Drone shot over tea
plantation |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Crisis point has been reached
in Assam. |
07:26 |
GVs Village building |
Tropical
forest that once covered the state has been slashed. Large scale tea and rice
farming is shrinking the elephants’ habitat. |
07:32 |
Drone shot over rice fields |
So,
too, a growing population and rapid industrialisation. |
07:45 |
Rita interview |
RITA
BANERJI: “Earlier, there were continuous forests from one area to the other
and the migratory path of the elephant is called the elephant corridor, and
it’s the same corridor that they use year by year. And now, all those
corridors are broken, so while they’re trying to walk the same path, they
come across a city, they come across a road, they come across a town, but
they want to go the same way”. |
08:00 |
Rita in office at computer looking
at Green Hub elephant footage |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Rita Banerji runs the
conservation group Green Hub, and she’s spent her life trying to ease the
conflict between animals and humans. |
08:23 |
Green Hub footage of
elephants in rice field |
A
local filmmaker trained by Green Hub shot these images of a huge herd that
spent nearly a week in a single paddy field. Trying to get from one forest
remnant to another - and tempted by ripe rice - the herd was trapped. |
08:33 |
Rita interview |
RITA
BANERJI: “The situation with the development and with the forests going has
become so tough; we don’t know whose space is it anymore. Like you know, we don’t know whether it’s
for the elephants or the people. |
08:54 |
Drone shot over forest |
We
are not looking at the forest which used to be there and traditionally the
corridor which the elephant used to take. |
09:05 |
GVs people in town |
So
now those same areas have a road, the same area has development and so the
elephants are still walking the same path”. |
09:13 |
Men on tea plantation with
guns pursue elephants |
LOCAL
MAN: “We have to be very quick. It
will be difficult in the dark. Please
bring a torch” |
09:23 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Back at the tea plantation, the battle to drive out the herd of mostly
mothers and calves, isn’t over yet. As
night falls, the forest rangers are still pushing them out of the crop. |
09:29 |
Siobhan to camera at tea
plantation. Super: |
“So
this is an ugly chaotic scene. There’s a huge herd of elephants that’s been
basically harangued and harassed all day long. The herd’s already been dispersed from
within the tea plantation and now they’re basically just chasing them”. |
09:44 |
Villagers run |
|
09:59 |
Ranger 100% |
FOREST
RANGER: “We are trying to direct the herd. It’s dense forest in there. We are trying our best”. |
10:02 |
Farmer fires homemade gun |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: For local farmers it’s just another frustrating night. |
10:16 |
Siobhan walks with rangers |
From
what we could see the forest rangers have an impossible job. There’s too few of them. They’re poorly equipped and under-funded. |
10:24 |
Farmer interview |
LOCAL
FARMER: “The Government must take the initiative. Our area is very big and the forestry staff
and resources are not sufficient”. |
10:33 |
Men and boys chase
elephants |
RITA
BANERJI: “Due to the encounters with humans |
10:43 |
Rita 100% |
where
firecrackers are used, gunshots are used, sometimes people try and go close
to the elephants, throw stones at them. Even elephants have changed their behaviour,
you know? They are more aggressive than they used to be”. |
10:47 |
Village GVs. Farmers ploughing |
Music
|
11:02 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Assam is blessed and
cursed. The land is fertile and when
the crop is good, these villagers can keep poverty away. But the marauding elephants test the
patience of farmers who have no other way to make a living. |
11:08 |
Workers in rice field |
As
the sun goes down, elephants like to move into the paddy fields. |
11:27 |
Das on motorbike |
For
subsistence rice farmers, dusk is the time when they have to be most alert. |
11:33 |
Das climbing to tree house |
|
11:43 |
|
DWIJEN
DAS: “Many nights I stay awake waiting for the elephants. |
12:00 |
Das interview |
Sometimes
when they don’t come I fall asleep.
While I was sleeping they came at 1 am or 2 am and they ate the
crops. I missed it because I was
sleeping. |
12:06 |
Rice field. Night |
Music
|
12:18 |
|
DWIJEN
DAS: Yes, it’s scary. But what can I
do? They’re destroying our whole crops.
|
12:27 |
Das interview |
I
look after the crops without caring for my life”. |
12:31 |
Night. Searching for herd |
|
12:37 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: The elephants are on the move
tonight. Winter, when the rice is ripe
and the nights are cold, is peak conflict time. |
12:43 |
Siobhan to camera by fire |
“It’s
dark, it’s cold, it’s dangerous and there’s a sense of chaos as people yell
at each other, ‘Where’s the herd?
Where’s the herd? Where are they going next?” |
12:53 |
People on bikes, in car,
tracking herd |
|
13:01 |
|
Constant
tracking of the herd is essential to keep them away from sleeping villagers. |
13:09 |
Elephants. Morning |
Music
|
13:24 |
Trampled rice field |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: The next morning the damage in
the nearby rice fields is easy to see as you might expect from a herd of
elephants. |
13:32 |
Drone shot. Trampled rice
field |
From
above, it’s even clearer. A neat,
cultivated patchwork of pasture and paddy, now pot-holed by enormous feet. |
13:40 |
Siobhan in rice field
showing elephant footprint size |
that
is one elephant’s footprint, so you can imagine what happens when this thing
comes thundering through people’s fields, sometimes their homes”. |
13:53 |
Train shots, railway line |
|
14:03 |
|
We
get word of a herd harassing a group of farmers just a few minutes away by a
railway line. We don’t quite know what we’re in for. |
14:10 |
Siobhan running down path |
“Oh, wow, I can hear them trumpeting they’re
really close. Bloody hell”. |
14:21 |
Men throw rocks at elephant |
It
turns out to be one very agitated elephant. |
14:28 |
|
LOCAL
MAN: “This elephant is separated from its baby. |
14:45 |
Man on railway line with
spear |
It’s
been roaming here for two or three days.
The elephant is very angry”. SANU
BHUYAN: "Is that Mr. Suresh?" |
14:52 |
Sanu on phone to Forestry
Department |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Our guide Sanu tries to prod the Forestry Department to diffuse the
confrontation. |
15:00 |
|
SANU
BHUYAN: “An elephant is isolated on the other side of the electric
fence. Is it possible to open the
fence to allow the elephant to cross to the other side to join with the main
group? Otherwise it will create
problems, the elephant has become very ferocious”. |
15:05 |
Men on railway line
throwing rocks. |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: While they wait on a forestry official, farmers use homemade weapons
and rocks to discourage the elephant from coming any closer. |
15:24 |
Elephant begins to run at
group before turning away |
Music
|
15:42 |
Siobhan to camera on
railway line |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “I’m still shaking just from
the noise and the ferocity and the size of something that big coming towards
you, and these guys basically stared it down with nothing but homemade
spears, and they just stood their ground until it left”. |
16:03 |
Sanu and Siobhan |
SANU
BHUYAN: “They’re brave and crazy, both.
Because they have to save their paddy field and save themselves, his
body also, from the wild elephant, the ferocious wild elephant”. |
16:20 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “Are you feeling shaken?” SANU
BHUYAN: “Yeah”. SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “Yeah. Heart beating?” SANU
BHUYAN: “Yeah”. SIOBHAN
HEANUE: “Mine, too”. |
16:30 |
Elephant. Bottles strung on
wire |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: The only thing separating the farmers from the elephants that roam
here is a railway line and a primitive early warning system. |
16:38 |
Shayaran and man in rice
paddy |
Day
and night, men like Shayaran Bodo must defend their rice crop from hungry
invaders. |
16:50 |
Shayaran and man standing
on railway line |
SHAYARAN
BODO: “If I don’t drive them away it will make it very difficult for my
livelihood. So I need to drive them
away from my crop. |
17:02 |
Villagers carry wood |
Music
|
17:15 |
|
SHAYARAN
BODO: The elephants’ food has become
scarce in the jungle. |
17:22 |
Shayaran |
That
is why they are coming out of the forest to our houses. They eat banana trees
and even bags of rice and destroy everything”. |
14:30 |
Man pats elephant |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: People here have traditionally revered elephants. In Indian culture, especially Hinduism,
elephants are sacred, the living incarnation of the God Ganesh. |
17:43 |
Ganesh worship |
RITA
BANERJI: “Lord Ganesh is a big symbol here. When you start something new you
always worship the Ganesh. |
17:59 |
Rita interview |
We
felt blessed that our first film was on elephants, you know? |
18:17 |
Ganesh statuary |
So
yes, you know, people have a lot of reverence for the elephant, but we cannot
be comfortable with that idea |
18:21 |
Rita |
because
there are now, with the kind of suffering people are having, there is anger”. |
18:28 |
Shayaran interview at
railway line |
SHAYARAN
BODO: “They are our god and yet they are hungry. But we are hungry as well. Ganesh Baba exists! Ganesh is our god. But these elephants are not god”. |
18:34 |
Green Hub footage.
Electrocuted elephant. Villagers lay marigolds on corpse |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Elephants are just as susceptible to the dangers posed by the
sprawling growth of towns and villages.
The young filmmakers from the conservation group Green Hub documented
what happened when an elephant ploughed into a power line and was
electrocuted. |
18:50
|
Local man |
LOCAL
MAN: “I don’t get any paddy rice on my farm because of elephants. But I’m
less concerned about my loss. I just
want the elephants to be safe”. |
19:38 |
Electrocuted elephant/Men
with Forestry official |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: While there’s sympathy for the
animals, there’s frustration, too, at what they see as the impotence of the
forest department. |
19:51 |
Local man interview |
LOCAL
MAN: “We request them to drive the elephants out from here, to take them far
from here and provide us protection from the herd. Otherwise we’re not safe. This is my request to the forest minister.
Please do something”. |
20:06 |
Earthmoving equipment |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Villagers worry their electricity supply won’t be restored quickly so
they refuse to let the elephant go. |
20:24 |
Villagers with forestry
official |
LOCAL
MAN: “You can’t take the elephant. We
won’t let you! Another elephant will die here. Another man will die”. |
20:37 |
Elephant corpse being
removed from paddy field |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Only after the authorities reconnect the electricity, do they let the
body be taken away. Electrocution is one of the main causes of death of
elephants. They’re also hit by
speeding trains and sometimes poisoned.
850 people in Assam alone in the last 10 years. |
20:55 |
Siobhan walks down path to
farm |
Even
so, many more people are killed by elephants. 850 people in Assam alone in
the last ten years. |
21:19 |
|
We
walked for several kilometres to a farm where we’d been told about a recent
killing. |
21:33 |
Siobhan greets farmer and
family |
“Namaste,
namaste. Nice to meet you. Thank you
for having us”. |
21:43 |
|
Rice
farmer Deboras Buwari is now head of an extended family that’s been
traumatised by an elephant encounter. |
21:48 |
Siobhan walks with Buwari
to fields |
He
wants to show me the field where his father was attacked. |
21:57 |
|
DEBORAS
BUWARI: “My father was sleeping here when the elephant came from there and
attacked him. The elephant dragged my
father from here to there. When I shouted my father made an “argh”
sound. I picked him up from there and
took him to his home”. |
22:02 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Mr Buwari tells me his father was alive when he found him, but he
died before he could get medical help.
|
22:22 |
|
I
ask him if he feels anger towards the elephant? |
22:30 |
Buwari interview |
DEBORAS
BUWARI: “What’s the benefit of getting angry at elephants? I’m upset. The crop we had was enough to feed my
family for an entire year. Now we have very little. This makes me angry. But what can I do?” |
22:34 |
Rice in courtyard |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: After a good harvest this
whole courtyard would be full. |
22:54
|
Siobhan and Buwari in
courtyard looking at meagre rice supply |
“So
this is maybe one month or two months of food?” DEBORAS
BUWARI: “This is not even enough for two months”. |
22:29 |
Wife sweeps yard/Buwari
bundles rice |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Mr Buwari says he’ll have to find work as a day labourer on other
people’s farms to earn enough money to buy food. He thinks he’ll be too scared next season
to go alone into his own field to protect his crop. |
23:08 |
Couple on motorbike/Cars on
road |
Living
among elephants will always be dangerous, even for those who think they
understand the animals. |
23:25 |
Sanu driving. Siobhan in
jeep |
We’re
on our way to link up with forest rangers. This time they’ve been tasked with
driving out a small herd that’s trampling through an army outpost. |
23:33 |
Men at army camp. Sanu
enters jungle. Crackers go off |
|
23:47 |
|
FOREST
RANGER: “Be careful, it is very difficult to run away. There is thick undergrowth”. SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Sanu, our elephant expert, heads deep into vegetation to find them. |
23:58 |
|
LOCAL
MAN: “Keep firing. Keep bursting
crackers! FOREST
RANGER: “Elephants are moving!” |
24:07 |
Gurmeet running down road
with camera |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Cameraman, Gurmeet Sapal, saw what happened. GURMEET
SAPAL: “I just saw a cloud of dust, and one elephant charging |
24:25 |
Gurmeet interview |
over
one man, and that man got under the feet of the elephant. We thought that
this dude is dead. There’s no way, you know, anyone can come alive from that
attack. |
24:32 |
Sanu returns, walking down
road |
And
that was Sanu. He was very lucky”. WITNESS:
“Sanu are you ok? Let’s go and get
treatment”. |
24:47 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Fortunately, his injuries were relatively minor. |
24:55 |
Sanu receives treatment for
injury |
SANU
BHUYAN: “When I came too close to the elephant |
24:59 |
Sanu interview |
my
feet slipped and then I fell on the ground.
Then he came close to me and he pushed me with his head. I was feeling in that moment his skin, his
rough skin”. |
25:08 |
Sanu with wife on street by
car |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Sanu has some trouble
explaining his near-death experience to his wife. SANU’S
WIFE: “What happened to your hand? Did
you fall over?” SANU
BHUYAN: “I fell down. The elephant hit
me and chased me away”. SANU’S
WIFE: “Why were you such a show-off?” SANU
BHUYAN: “I’m lucky, otherwise I would be a dead body”. |
25:26 |
|
SANU’S
WIFE: “Why did you go so close?” |
25:50 |
|
SANU
BHUYAN: “I had a shotgun”. SANU’S
WIFE: “So what? Is it wise to go near
a herd with one or two shotguns?” |
25:52 |
|
SANU
BHUYAN: “OK, I’m off. I’ll call you”. |
25:59 |
Monkeys on road as car
passes |
Music
|
26:02
|
Elephants |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Seeing wild elephants up close is a great privilege. As a visitor you
can’t help wanting them to flourish. |
26:09 |
Elephant corridor signage.
People on railway line looking for elephants |
While
we’ve seen big herds locally, nationwide, the |
26:20 |
Elephants eating |
elephant
count numbers almost 28,000, after decades of decline. Conservationists aren’t giving up. Better
planning they say can help people co-exist with the elephants. |
26:27 |
Rita interview. Super: |
RITA
BANERJI: “There’s a big plan across India to actually to revive the elephant
corridors. |
26:43 |
Drone shot over rice fields
and bushland |
It
does not mean that you try and get everything back, but really study where
the corridors were and see if the corridors can be revived”. |
26:49 |
Workers harvesting rice |
Music
|
27:04 |
Drone shot. Workers in rice
field |
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: Ever expanding rice and tea
plantations provide work and income, but they eat away at forest habitat. Now
though, some people are beginning to make room for the elephants. RITA
BANERJI: “In another area |
27:13 |
Rita interview |
an
elephant corridor has been created by convincing the people to move out of
that area and they’ve got rehabilitated so that area is now a free forest
corridor between two big forest areas, so that’s become a free path for
elephants to move. And so it reduces the conflict. People are in a better
position because they’re in an area where they can do agriculture now. They
have better houses. So it’s a win, win situation”. |
27:32 |
School kids waiting on
their bikes |
Music
|
27:56 |
|
SIOBHAN
HEANUE: These children will be late for school today. Their forest guard has
heard there’s an elephant up ahead --it’s not safe. |
28:02 |
Kids get moving again |
Finally,
word comes through that the elephant has moved away and the bike corridor is
clear again for now. |
28:12 |
Forest guard on motorbike
accompanies school children |
The
ranger only has a stick and a shotgun to protect hundreds. This generation of students will have to
find some creative solutions to the daily problem of living with elephants. |
28:23 |
Credits start over: |
Presenter - Siobhan Heanue Producer - Greg Wilesmith Researcher - Anne Worthington Camera - Gurmeet Sapal Additional Camera - Green Hub Editor - Leah Donovan Executive Producer - Matthew Carney Foreign Correspondent ©2019 |
28:44 |
Outpoint |
|
29:21 |