Elephant Lockdown
              A Thai elephant story

 

        Documentary by Nicolas Axelrod

 

Coded Transcript & Music queue

 

 

00.00.00.00 – Start

00.00.00.18 – Sub:      Elephant... elephant... elephant.

00.00.03.15 – Sub:      Sing the elephant song.

00.00.04.10 – Title:     An uncertain walk
                                        A Thai elephant story

00.00.07.08 – Sub:      Have you ever seen an elephant? (TITLE FADE)

00.00.08.11 – Title: END TITLE

00.00.10.04 – Sub:      The elephant is quite big.

00.00.12.00 – Sub:      It has a long nose called trunk.

00.00.14.02 – Sub:      With teeth under the nose called tusks.

 

00.00.14.12 – MUSIC Queue : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.00.16.22 – Sub :     It has ears, eyes, and long tail.

00.00.21.00 – Sub:      Wandee, say hi to Wandee.

00.00.28.03 – Title:     The elephant is the official national animal

             of Thailand and considered a social icon.

00.00.32.04 – Title: END TITLE

00.00.34.19 – Title:     Thailand is home to some 3800 captive elephants.

00.00.38.02 – Title: END TITLE

00.00.39.22 – Sub:      My grandfather had elephants.

00.00.43.22 – Sub:      It's famous in this area, Ta Klang, Baan Nong Bua and Tatit.

00.00.50.22 – Sub:      Even when my grandchildren are married,

they will still live around here.

00.00.55.20 – Sub:      So, the elephants are also transferred from generation to generation.

00.01.03.21 – Title:     Salarat Salangam

Tatit Homestay

Ban Tatit, Surin

00.01.06.15 – Title: END TITLE

00.01.06.15 – Sub:      Every day, I'll take care of my elephants at home.

00.01.10.22 – Sub:      Before Covid-19, we got tourists from all over the world.

00.01.19.11 – Sub:      But with the pandemic, there are no tourists at all.

00.01.30.24 – Sub:      In the past, elephants were considered to be gods.

00.01.31.14 – Title:     Samuhaan Bpanyaataroh

Wat Pa-A-Jieng

Ban Ta Klang, Surin

00.01.24.17 – Title: END TITLE

00.01.35.03 – Sub:      The word Surin, means “city built by gods.”

00.01.37.18 – Sub:      And the elephant is the god.

00.01.39.18 – Sub:      That’s why elephants are important.

 

00.01.43.00 – MUSIC End : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.01.43.07 – Sub:      When elephants die.

00.01.44.22 – Sub:      We have a special place for the bodies.

00.01.48.11 – Sub:      It’s called ‘the elephant grave yard’.

00.01.52.22 – Sub:      We see the elephants in two different perspectives.

00.01.55.20 – Sub:      First, as a working elephant.

00.01.57.22 – Sub:      In the past for logging.

00.02.00.07 – Sub:      Building houses, bridges, and temples.

00.02.06.15 – Sub:      Now we use elephants for tourism.

00.02.12.01 – Sub:      Here we use elephants for Buddhism.

00.02.18.16 – Sub:      They help collect alms, and they join in Buddhist ceremonies.

00.02.35.20 – Sub:      Thailand has been locked down for three months already.

00.02.41.04 – Sub:      And we have no visitors, which is the only source

of our income and funding.

00.02.47.14 – Sub:      There are more than 2000 elephants in this country.

00.02.52.09 – Sub:      Who actually subsidised financially, supported financially by tourism.

00.02.58.18 – Title:     Theerapat  Trungprakan

Patara Elephant Farm

Chiang Mai

00.03.02.16 – Title: END TITLE

00.03.05.03 – Sub:      None of the elephant people here are prepared

to face the zero income situation.

00.03.12.03 – Sub:      But once it gets to this stage, we still cannot think of any alternative.

00.03.17.18 – Sub:      That we can subsidise and financially support for the elephant care.

 

00.03.22.22 – MUSIC Queue : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.03.36.12 – Sub:      So yeah, technically Friday was our last day.

00.03.38.18 – Sub:      We paid off all the staff, they all got their annual leave,

and their last wages.

00.03.38.18 – Title:     Jack Highwood

Elephant Valley Thailand

Chiang Rai

00.03.43.24 – Title: END TITLE

00.03.46.15 – Sub:      And we gave them some compensation

because the company is closing.

00.03.44.22 – Sub:      We had lots of people working here in this tiny office,

for quite a while.

 

00.03.59.05 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.04.00.07 – Sub:      This is where we sat and planned everything.

00.04.04.01 – Sub:      It is sort of frozen in time, this is everything that we had to do, everything we were doing, everything we did.

00.04.12.09 – Sub:      That is all irrelevant now with “Safari”, and also with here.

00.04.15.18 – Sub:      I don’t know, for me it strikes me how many businesses

are going through the same thing.

00.04.19.05 – Sub:      I think a lot of places, just a couple of months ago went:

“right, go away, we will find you when we open again.”

00.04.25.07 – Sub:      And just laid off people without doing anything.

00.04.29.15 – Sub:      They just turned off the switch.

00.04.33.01 – Sub:      I think that is certainly true with elephant camps, a lot of camps are just locations where you can bring your elephant.

00.04.42.17 – Sub:      And either you look after it yourself or someone else looks after it, and if you get tourists you get paid, and if not not.

00.05.00.24 – Sub:      When COVID is gone, and the economy is good.

00.05.04.08 – Sub:      What should we do next, should the elephants go back?

00.05.08.02 – Sub:      We will have to check when the elephant camps will re-open.

00.05.14.12 – Sub:      But what if they don’t re-open?

00.05.15.21 – Sub:      If they don’t, we’ll just have to stay home

and take care of our elephants at home.

00.05.20.08 – Sub:      We have nothing.

00.05.21.17 – Sub:      We can’t just go there without income.

00.05.23.09 – Sub:      Even if we go, we won’t get a salary.

00.05.29.11 – Sub:      At least at home we can still do some farming.

00.05.35.09 – Sub:      It is better to just stay home.

00.05.38.22 – Sub:      In case there are tourists visiting here, we can welcome them.

00.05.45.10 – Sub:      It would be nice if the government can help the jobless elephants.

00.05.50.04 – Sub:      Because there are not only these two who lost their jobs.

00.05.54.07 – Sub:      There are still many more.

00.05.58.13 – Sub:      How many?

00.05.59.11 – Sub:      Probably about 60, all jobless.

00.06.04.21 – Sub:      Some still need to return home, from Pattaya, Phuket...

00.06.11.17 – Sub:      Mostly from Pattaya, Phuket.

00.06.14.23 – Sub:      They plan to take the elephants from Samui.

00.06.19.17 – Sub:      But they are not back yet.

00.06.25.06 – Sub:      We are waiting for the truck.

00.06.33.19 – Sub:      My midlife crisis, charcoal making, something to do.

00.06.37.15 – Sub:      Distract me from the horrors of 2020.

00.06.45.12 – Sub:      Let’s go see.

00.06.53.18 – Sub:      But yeah, at the end of the day, what we are doing here, is basically we are doing the responsible thing.

00.06.58.13 – Sub:      We could have not closed down.

00.07.02.05 – Sub:      And completely gambled on tourist coming back in one month.

00.07.09.13 – Sub:      But I just don't think that's going to happen.

00.07.12.05 – Sub:      Everyone in America and England lost their job or maybe they've been furloughed at a fraction of their wages.

00.07.17.17 – Sub:      And, you know, people didn't have money to spend anyway,

let alone before this happened.

 

00.07.18.22 – Sub:      MUSIC Queue : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.07.22.14 – Sub:      And we could have gone online and put up

a fund raiser, a GoFundMe.

00.07.25.21 – Sub:      But A, I personally don’t think companies should do that.

00.07.32.06 – Sub:      Because it just takes away from charity.

00.07.36.13 – Sub:      One of the reasons I built this place was to see whether this sanctuary model,

00.07.41.22 – Sub:      was viable as a company.

00.07.45.06 – Sub:      To invest, to go get investors, and bank loans and to do something which typically is charitable.

00.07.50.14 – Sub:      And to say “Ok, is this viable as a company.” It's not.

00.07.57.01 – Sub:      But most companies are built around like a growth model.

00.07.59.12 – Sub:      And elephants can’t rely on that.

00.08.10.13 – Sub:      Well the elephant just realised what is going on.

00.08.14.09 – Sub:      And basically just like we did with that one,

we just have to keep poking.

00.08.17.07 – Sub:      Poke, poke, poke, until it realises that it has no choice but to get on the truck, and that is what we are doing today.

00.08.24.01 – Sub:      If you don’t want to do this, you don’t want to use violence.

00.08.27.11 – Sub:      Which is at the core of say, the animal rights movement.

00.08.30.15 – Sub:      Then you have got to put up a barrier.

00.08.35.18 – Sub:      And then you’ve got an elephant inside an enclosure, you have

no direct contact, you have protective contact,

00.08.39.10 – Sub:      There is always a barrier between you and the elephant, no violence is required, but then you’ve got a zoo.

00.08.44.03 – Sub:      And then you’ve got some places, they are like “oh yeah no,

we don’t need chains, don’t have hooks.”

00.08.48.10 – Sub:      I say well “how do you handle the elephant?”

 

00.08.48.22 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.08.48.22 – MUSIC Queue : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.08.49.19 – Sub:      They say “Oh we just talk to them.”

00.08.50.24 – Sub:      It's like “Ok so you are lying.”

00.09.03.23 – Sub:      It is really sad to see, two elephants that

we put so much work into go like that.

00.09.07.23 – Sub:      But it just underlines that point that, elephants are wild animals,

they should live in the wild.

00.09.13.10 – Sub:      And if you want to do anything else with them it is really difficult

not to do that without a degree of violence.

00.09.18.10 – Sub:      And the problem is that in the West.

00.09.20.08 – Sub:      The only way you can actually look after wild animals

without inflicting violence upon them.

00.09.20.12 – MUSIC End : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

 

00.09.25.18 – Sub:      Is you just put a great big fence and you stick them inside,

and leave them alone.

00.09.29.16 – Sub:      But when you do that, you got a zoo. And the prevailing feeling

in the West is zoos are bad.

00.09.34.10 – Sub:      As soon as you take an elephant out of the wild it’s catch 22.

00.09.36.20 – Sub:      You are damned if you do and you are damned if you don't.

00.09.38.07 – Sub:      If you handle the elephant. It's bad for the elephant.

00.09.41.20 – Sub:      You put it in a zoo, if it's not done properly,

 it’s bad for the elephant.

00.09.45.15 – Sub:      And it's just one of those animals that really shouldn't

be living in captivity.

 

00.09.50.08 – MUSIC Queue : Eternity – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.09.50.09 – Sub:      After 16 years working with elephants, that's really clear to me.

00.10.07.21 – Sub:      When the elephant camp had to close,

we brought the elephants back.

00.10.13.13 – Sub:      We rented trucks to bring the elephants from Phuket

back to our Tatit village.

00.10.21.01 – Sub:      It cost us about cost 24,000 Baht (~800USD) to bring them back.

00.10.30.01 – Sub:      When we were at elephant camp in Phuket, we were paid

40,000 Baht (~1300USD) a month.

 

00.10.32.02 - MUSIC End : Eternity – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.10.36.14 – Sub:      The mahout and I would share half and half,

20,000 baht (~650USD) each.

00.10.44.11 – Sub:      We're like brother and sister, so we help each other

taking care of the elephants.

00.10.48.21 – Sub:      We shared money from tips.

 

00.10.51.14 – MUSIC Queue : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.11.14.19 – Sub:      We are actually building a temporary reception station by the road.

00.11.22.23 – Sub:      So then drivers, we are now expecting Thai drivers,

travellers, passengers.

00.11.29.20 – Sub:      To see the elephant by the road, stop and talk to us, and then we are going to offer them some elephant activity.

00.11.36.22 – Sub:      So we are trying to find a way to survive making some small income.

 

00.11.41.04 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

00.11.41.04 – MUSIC Queue : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.11.43.12 – Sub:      Every day, hopefully, from the Thai and local visitors.

00.11.53.17 – Sub:      One of my concerns about the elephant health and welfare

                                    of these jobless elephants.

00.12.03.01 – Sub:      Is about the boredom.

00.12.06.01 – Sub:      Normally we try to encourage the elephant camps to let the elephant walk at least five to 10 kilometres a day.

00.12.06.01 – Title:     Chatchote Thitaram

Center of Elephant and Wildlife Research

Chiang Mai

00.12.10.17 – Title: TITLE END

00.12.13.08 – Sub:      So that is when there are no tourists.

00.12.16.00 – Sub:      The elephant will walk less and then after that,

less exercise for a long time.

00.12.20.11 – Sub:      Right now, it's has been around six months.

00.12.24.10 – Sub:      So most of the elephants they tie in the camp, or sometimes tie in the edge of the forest with a chain.

00.12.31.22 – Sub:      And some times there is nothing to do.

00.12.39.20 – TITLE:   Jarawee Suphanta

Center of Elephant and Wildlife Research

Chiang Mai     

00.12.40.04 – Sub:      I think lack of exercise will lead to more stress.

00.12.48.06 – Sub:      The stress index like glucocorticoids, cortisol

in elephant hormone will increase.

00.12.53.07 – Sub:      This is what I assume we will see.

00.12.56.11 – Sub:      Some elephants are suffering from bedsores and don't get the chance to move at all,

 

00.12.56.13 – MUSIC End : Failure Over Regret – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.13.04.15 – Sub:      The lactase in muscle might be increasing.

00.13.08.22 – Sub:      I talk to the mahouts about stress levels in elephants for the research project that I'm working on.

00.13.09.05 – Sub:      The research is to show how COVID has affected elephants, as there are no tourists during the pandemic and the elephants exercise less.

 

 

00.13.14.19 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.13.35.16 – Sub:      Since I was born, I've never experienced a pandemic and problems like this before.

00.13.47.05 – Sub:      If I had to move the elephants previously, there were still

jobs at other camps.

00.13.52.10 – Sub:      Now all the camps are closed and we have nowhere to go.

00.13.59.13 – Sub:      It’s all closed, so the elephants have to come home.

 

00.13.59.13 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.14.04.14 – Sub:      For now, I'll have to live like this, even I am in so much debt.

00.14.10.16 – Sub:      I don't know where to go, I can’t see any future.

00.14.16.16 – Sub:      I don't know of any elephant camps that are open.

00.14.22.24 – Sub:      Even if they are open they have no visitors,

so they can’t afford to pay us.

00.14.29.05 – Sub:      So, for now we have to go find banana trees, sugarcane

and grass by ourselves.

00.14.48.02 – Sub:      The small elephants, we will separate them from the mother to train.

00.14.51.24 – Sub:      We train them but we don’t torture them.

00.14.58.21 – Sub:      We use the bananas to get their attention, when they're hungry, they'll do as we say.

00.15.02.20 – Sub:      The small ones are easy to train.

00.15.05.21 – Sub:      With bananas and using the hook a little.

00.15.10.22 – Sub:      The elephants will remember the commands.

00.15.17.02 – Sub:      It is not difficult to train the little ones.

00.15.23.00 – Sub:      We don't torture them like you see in the news.

00.15.29.24 – Sub:      They're like our families, we love them more than our kids.

 

00.15.31.06 – MUSIC Queue : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.15.35.22 – Title:     Weaning, also known as crush or ceremony, is a two-week training process to break a baby elephant in order to make them submissive to humans.

00.15.42.05 – Title: TITLE END

00.15.52.00 – Sub:      There's a direct correlation between the activity

you do with the elephant.

00.16.01.15 – Sub:      And the amount of violence you have to use with that elephant

to get it to do that activity.

00.16.08.22 – Sub:      You just can’t safely handle an elephant without it.

 

00.16.13.01 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.16.13.02 – Sub:      If the elephant doesn’t fear people they will just kill people.

00.16.18.07 – Sub:      So if you start on one side, you would have, say, an elephant living in the wild requires no violent control.

00.16.28.12 – Sub:      And then every time you step up the level of control you need with the animal, the more violence is required.

00.16.34.24 – Sub:      Because on the whole, elephants are intelligent.

00.16.39.07 – Sub:      And that means you can train it to dance to disco music in Ayutthaya.

00.16.45.17 – Sub:      Or you can train it to walk a tightrope in a circus outside Bangkok

00.16.53.16 – Sub:      or perform in a show in Pattaya or Phuket.

00.16.57.24 – Sub:      What I see is the level of violence, on either side

of the visitors, is quite high.

00.17.02.20 – Sub:      So before the visitor arrives in a minibus, they beat the freaking shit out of the elephant.

00.17.08.01 – Sub:      And then they say to the elephant “ah don't be naughty when the visitors are here.”

00.17.12.21 – Sub:      And elephants are like “ok ok ok.” And then it sort of performs a trick.

00.17.16.00 – Sub:      The same way it will dance or in a show, it will lay down perfectly

still in a mud bath and let people wash it.

 

00.17.16.20 – MUSIC Queue : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

 

00.17.21.11 – Sub:      Or they'll throw water on themselves and also throw water,

like they're trained to throw water on the guests.

00.17.31.18 – Sub:      I would say that the different group of elephant people from different part of Southeast Asia.

00.17.39.18 – Sub:      They have different kind of background. They have different kinds of, let's say they have different approaches.

00.17.46.24  - Sub:      They have different kinds of background.

00.17.48.10 – Sub:      They have different techniques of elephant training

and elephant communication.

00.17.53.11 – Sub:      And they're always advantages and disadvantages of different approaches and different systems.

 

00.17.54.22 – MUSIC End : Black Out – Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.18.00.23 – Sub:      There are elephant training schools provide by the Thai government.

00.18.13.07 – Sub:      Any of the private sector and family and the villagers they can actually send their elephant.

00.18.20.06 – Sub:      But we have to go with the elephant.

00.18.22.14 – Sub:      For the two-week session of weaning.

00.18.30.02 – Sub:      I think...

00.18.31.07 – Sub:      Seeing the footage of an elephant being in a crush.

 

00.18.35.04 – MUSIC Queue : Dark Tension – Kyle Preston (Artlist)

 

00.18.37.00 – Sub:      There is not that much footage, because as soon as the first footage was released.

00.18.40.13 – Sub:      The government and a lot of camps, a lot of people realised, “oh crap we shouldn’t let cameras be around when we do that.”

00.18.52.09 – Sub:      And while the rearing techniques have changed a little bit.

00.18.56.20 – Sub:      Now they have realised you got to get human contact with that elephant really early on.

00.19.01.16 – Sub:      To reduce how much force you need to handle the elephant.

00.19.07.05 – Sub:      You can’t do what people do with elephants, without breaking

that animal.

00.19.12.12 – Sub:      And making that sort of underlying, intrinsic fear.

00.19.16.14 – Sub:      So there's always a time that the elephants stay with mom

and they have kind of strong bond.

00.19.23.24 – Sub:      And you can't just take their baby away until the right time.

00.19.29.20 – Sub:      For example, when the mother is having another baby, child.

00.19.33.06 – Sub:      So that's when mother has kind of less attention

for the older brother or sister.

00.19.43.15 – Sub:      Recently we have found that there was a shocking kind

of unprecedented movie that went viral with the elephant training method.

00.19.58.09 – Sub:      We have found that the whole media of one minute movie clips.

00.20.06.03 – Sub:      Was actually designed, staged, cut, sound, edit, computer graphic, especially for the certain purpose.

00.20.18.06 – Sub:      Making people, the viewer understand that every part of the baby elephant, that people can interact with.

00.20.26.00 – Sub:      Every part of the elephant that people can touch.

00.20.29.23 – Sub:      Every elephant that are in tourism of Thailand, in Southeast Asia.

00.20.36.22 – Sub:      Has to be trained through that kind of torture, training method.

 

00.20.39.21 – MUSIC End : Dark Tension – Kyle Preston (Artlist)

 

00.20.48.03 – Sub:      When Lalameuy gives birth, take her to do the ceremony.

00.20.53.08 – Sub:      Just tie them, don’t put them in the small cage.

00.20.56.15 – Sub:      We will leave her like that and keep feeding her.

00.21.02.06 – Sub:      And after that bring her back to the herd.

00.21.06.07 – Sub:      If we don’t start with Lalameuy, elephant tourism will struggle to come back if there is another video clip of elephants in a cage.

00.21.13.16 – Sub:      The last clip from the foreigner in Surin, they didn’t think that what they are doing is wrong,

 

00.18.35.04 – MUSIC Queue : Failure Over Regret - Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.21.25.00 – Sub:      They trusted the foreigner because he lived there for two years.

00.21.32.14 – Sub:      The idea that an elephant can leave captivity and successfully go back into the wild.

00.21.37.08 – Sub:      Is incredibly threatening to people whose income relies

on elephants being in captivity.

00.21.45.11 – Sub:      Even some of the most famous people in this country,

00.21.47.02 – Sub:      they say: “no, elephants can't live in the wild.”

00.21.50.05 – Sub:      They can, it’s  fine.

00.21.51.05 – Sub:      You just have to unwind them, de-stress them.

00.21.55.05 – Sub:      Get them used to a more natural routine.

00.21.58.08 – Sub:      And then you have to just drop them with other elephants at the same time into an area.

00.22.05.07 – Sub:      And then you are fine.

00.22.07.11 – Sub:      Right now, for almost more than 20 years, we have released

around 108 elephants.

00.22.15.00 – Sub:      Captive elephant back to the wild to three natural area.

 

00.22.16.04 – MUSIC End : Failure Over Regret - Borrtex (Artlist)

 

00.22.20.08 – Sub:      And then we got elephants breeding and also got natural born, natural birth around 40 elephant calves born, naturally now.

00.22.31.00 – Sub:      We can do that one.

00.22.32.20 – Sub:      But it's not easy because from our 20 years of work, not every elephant can be released and can survive in the forest.

00.22.41.23 – Sub:      Some of them die from the attack each other.

00.22.45.16 – Sub:      Some of them die because of disease or accident.

00.22.49.03 – Sub:      Some can be released and can survive without any problem

and some can survive and reproduce.

00.22.55.11 – Sub:      But one thing, right now from the policy

of Elephant Re-introduction Foundation.

00.23.00.19 – Sub:      We don't want to release anymore, because of less

and less natural habitat.

00.23.05.22 – Sub:      And also human elephant conflict occur more and more.

00.23.09.09 – Sub:      So this means if we release more and more elephants, especially to bring the captive elephant put into the forest.

00.23.17.17 – Sub:      Most of the villagers around the forest. They will think they will bring the problem from captive elephant.

00.23.15.21 – Sub:      And create the new problem to their places.

00.23.28.24 – Sub:      So most of them always asked:

00.23.32.00 – Sub:      “We don't want more elephants in that area.”

00.23.35.13 – Sub:      Don't want to create more problems to the villagers around the forest.

 

00.24.01.19 - MUSIC Queue : Darkness – Onyx (Artlist)

 

00.24.01.19 – Credit:  A documentary by

Nicolas Axelrod

 

00.24.08.02 – Credit:  Story supervision by

Abby Seiff

 

00.24.14.10 – Credit:  Research assistance from

David Owen

 

00.24.20.18 – Credit:  Translations by

Nantawan Wangudomsuk

 

00.24.27.01 – Credit:  Additional translations by

Chanadda Khruapradab

 

00.24.33.09 – Credit:  Field assistant

Janjira Lintong

 

00.24.39.17 – Credit:  Editing

Nicolas Axelrod

 

00.24.46.00 – Credit:  Music

Kyle Preston - Dark Tension

Onyx - Darkness

Borrtex - Eternity

Failure over Regret

Black out

Typical Day

 

00.24.52.08 – Credit:  Special Thanks

Audrey Mealia

Jan Schmidt-Burbach

Lamom Axeltong

 

00.24.58.16 – Credit:  Special Thanks

Jack Highwood

Theerapat  Trungprakan

Chatchote Thitaram

Salarat Salangam

 

00.25.04.24 – Credit:  Stock Footage

avgeeks / Pond5

sutiporn / Pond5

anokato / Pond5

 

Crush Footage

World Animal Protection

 

00.24.39.17 – Credit:  Editing

Nicolas Axelrod

 

00.25.08.00 – Credit: © Ruom Collective

 

00.25.11.24 - End