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Malcolm opening segment

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Summer in Qatar, is very very hot

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malcolm

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I’m talking about highs of 50 degrees celsius

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malcolm

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Unbearable to be honest..unbearable

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Thanks to climate change,  the Gulf is heating up at twice the global average rate.

Temperatures regularly hit 50C.

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Citizens of these oil rich  countries can keep the heat at bay - for now.

You can find air conditioning everywhere. In the car, in your home, in the office, in the malls, in the cinema, everywhere.

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But for the migrant workers,

it’s a different story.

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Nomadic Vlogs

00:01:00:00           

00:01:11:00

It’s important to recognise the symptoms of heat stress in yourself and others.

Boss, boss!

We yell for water, we’re running out of sweat.

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Shiva.Neupane

00:00:58:00           

00:01:20:00

Shiva Neupane:

This cloth,

I put it inside here.

Look.

Look at the sweat dripping.

Dr Rishi:  They bring in a healthy person, make them sick, and dispose of them.

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TITLE AND MAP GRAPHIC

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TITLE

LIFE AT 50°C: KILLER HEAT

CRASH ZOOM INTO SITA’S FARM

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HEART SECTION 1

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Tokha, Nepal

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Sita: He was cheerful.

He liked to dance.

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Day 3 DSLR

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Sita: He was a better dancer than me.

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Day 3 DSLR

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Sita: He was straightforward.

Sita’s husband was called Dhan Bahadur Magar. In 2015 he went to work in the Gulf. First in Saudi Arabia, then Qatar. 

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Son (Singing) So beautiful, so beautiful…

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Sita: These days, I’m alone.

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Black and White still of Dhan

Aston:  Dhan Bahadur Magar

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Day 3 DSLR

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Sita:

The first time he left,

I was pregnant with my eldest son.

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I didn’t want him to go.

There was no choice.

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Repeat of Black and White still of Dhan

MAP GRAPHIC HERE

The Gulf is home to well over 14 million migrant workers, mostly  from Asia and Africa.

They come here for higher wages, to support their families back home.

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Shot; drone shot of Qatar skyline

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We talked every day.

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His job was fitting aluminium doors and windows.

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He was always sweating when we video-chatted.

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The heat made his nose bleed. PAUSE

Still of Dhan in work gear.

Dr Ratna:

Above 40 degrees celsius…

…the body’s normal mechanisms start to disintegrate.

Dr Ratna:

Even healthy people suffer from heat stress,

heat stroke and heat exertion.

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He told me it was his last month there.

He’d be coming home soon.

It was too hot, he couldn’t stay there.

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MARATHON

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In late SEPTEMBER 2019, while Dhan was in Qatar, the country hosted the World Athletics Championships. The races revealed that no amount of fitness can protect the body from extreme heat.

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Commentator: Hello and welcome, it’s time for the women’s marathon on the glorious corniche of Doha, the capital of Qatar…

Commentator: One of the most impressive sky lines in the world.  I remember coming here 15 years ago and it wasn’t even there….

Akaky Kaliti, Ethiopia

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Ethiopia’s female long distance runners have won 26 Olympic medals. They’re among the world’s finest.

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A $60,000 prize awaited the winner of the marathon.

One of the favourites was Ruti Aga.

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Knowing there’d be extreme heat in Doha,

we trained in a hot area of Ethiopia.

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We knew what was waiting for us,

that Doha is hot.

But it was worse than we expected.

Haji Adelo | Coach

Coach: The air was like a fiery furnace.

RUTI: It is almost like you are breathing the air you exhale.

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The marathon started at the supposedly cooler time of midnight. But in these hot and humid conditions, it felt like it was over 40 degrees.

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Our greatest fear was that they wouldn’t survive…

 …the extreme temperature.

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Male: Well,   there are the athletes who will be competing.

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Male: Ruti Aga in the top ten all-time.

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Female: The heat and humidity has been a big topic in the build-up to these championships

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Female: They’ve laid on extra medical staff.

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Male: It will be fascinating to see this race unfold.

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Male: So they are under way then.

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Male: But isn’t that amazing? Athletes already getting er sponges and cold water to dowse themselves.

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After just 40 minutes, athletes began collapsing from heat exhaustion.

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Male: we’re hearing that one athlete has already succumbed to the conditions and  is actually in quite a bad way.

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Male: and there’s a sad sight, Chebet being loaded onto one of the mini ambulances

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Ruti realised she too was in trouble.

I was very dizzy. [PAUSE] 

It felt like the ground was spinning. [pause]

No athlete wants to drop out of a competition,

for any reason.

We advised them to be mindful…

…of their own safety while running.

They had to protect their own lives. 

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Male: It’s a bad day for the Ethiopians. Goodness me. Well, Ruti Aga and Rosa Dereje, have er dropped out.  That is a huge shock

Altogether, nearly half the athletes dropped out of the marathon.

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Ruti:  I was very angry.

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Haji: It was a devastating experience,

because we were representing our country.

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Haji:  I saw some things with my own eyes.

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You’d see people working on buildings,

even more exposed to the heat,

In conditions that made it hard even to walk.

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HEART SECTION 2

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Sindhuli Village: Nepal

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83.  Sita, whose husband Dhan left Nepal for Qatar, is visiting her inlaws in their remote village. 

After they got married, Sita and Dhan lived here. Dhan was working on the family farm, but it was hard to make a living. 

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Padam: My name is Padam Bahadur.

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Padam: My youngest son was Dhan Bahadur.

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Padam:  He came back in a box.

A white tin.

Embalmed, covered, clothed.

He was sent like that.

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It’s painful to talk about. 

My soul hurts.

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Padam:

I can’t understand what happened.

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Sita:

His friends found him on the floor,

writhing in pain.

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Sita:

They took him to the hospital but they found out that he'd already died on the way.

They took him to hospital,

but found out…

he’d already died on the way.

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Sita: I found out through a friend of his.

One of his friends told me.

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Sita: It was morning time. I was cooking.

It was morning. I was cooking.

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Sita: Yes, I fainted.

I fainted.   

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Sita: He was 31 when he died.  

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DR RATNA 2

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In Dhan Bahadur’s case,

it says ‘cardiac arrest’.

But everyone dies of cardiac arrest.

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You don’t expect deaths of 31-year-olds

to be ‘natural deaths’.

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It doesn’t add up.

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In the days leading up to Dhan Bahadur’s

death,

it was  40C or more.

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Was his death preventable?  

Any migrant worker who works continually to the point of exhaustion in 40C or more…

…has a high chance of sudden death.

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Padam:

He said he was leaving to give his family a better life.

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Padam:  I told him to go.

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EK: You have tell that no one in my family leaves. Work here.

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The lives of wives, children and dependents…

…are devastated when the breadwinner dies.

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People who leave as migrant workers…

…come back in coffins.

To see my brothers die in that way…

…makes me feel hopeless and desperate.

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Death certificate GFX

In the last 15 years, more than 2000 Nepali workers have died in Qatar alone. A recent study found that of 571 deaths over 8 years caused by cardiac arrest, over a third were probably due to heat stress - which is preventable.

.

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OBAIDLY SECTION 1

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Mohammed al-Obaidly works for the Qatari Department of Labour, which is responsible for migrant workers.

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00:35:50,514

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Work during the summer is completely forbidden.

I must emphasise this.

Note

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If just one worker dies, it’s a big problem for us.

Whether it’s one or one thousand.

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Honest recap of our question

We told Mr al-Obeidli about Dhan’s death, and that his family and doctor believed it was caused by heat.

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00:29:04,292

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If the real cause of death is proved to be exposure to the sun,

and working in the sun during summer,

the company will be sanctioned.

The worker will get compensation.

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The question of who is responsible is a very serious matter.

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A young person doesn’t simply die

without prior contributory causes.

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00:34:35,942

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If the death certificate says ‘heart failure’ or ‘heart disease’...

…then that will be the true cause of death.

At the end of the day, it’s medicine medical science.

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iii.  What we send in R2R [more details of the case]  and their response

The Qatar government says: 15s.

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KIDNEY SECTION

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Kathmandu, Nepal

Across the Gulf, extreme heat is affecting ever more people. Besides causing heart failure, it can also leave workers with life-altering illnesses.

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*** one of these - from 04:36:48:00 to 04:40:06:00

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Hem:

I'm a dialysis patient.

I do dialysis three times a week.

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It’s hard to describe…

,,,,the pain of losing your kidney.

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Dr Rishi:  You can die anytime.

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Dr Rishi:

For two decades,

science has known

that hot temperatures…

…damage kidneys.

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Day 2 FS5

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Hem Bahadur Rana worked in the UAE for two years before his kidneys failed.

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Dr Rishi:: How do you feel?

Hem:

If I think too much seriously, I feel pain. If not, [I think] whatever, life is going on.

If I think about it too much, I feel sad.

If not, life goes on.

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Doctor:

What work were you doing, so that your kidney was destroyed?

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check

Hem: All kinds of work.

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Hem: The company had a contract for work on a ship.

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We had to go down seven stories inside it.

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Hem: We had to clean it.

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Hem: There's no oxygen and you keep working and sweating.

There’s no oxygen, but you keep working and sweating.

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Hem: It's really hot.

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Hem: They wouldn't let us off to drink water when we wanted to. 

They wouldn’t let us stop when we wanted to drink water.

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Hem: We yell for water, that we're running out of sweat but they couldn’t hear us.

We’d yell for water,

we were running out of sweat.

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Hem: I started getting headaches. I started to see foamy urine.

I started getting headaches.

I started to see foamy urine.

Note

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Hem: My hands and legs started swelling up.

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Hem: I went to the hospital there.

I went to hospital.

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Hem: As soon as the Indian doctor saw me, he said that it was very serious. He said that those were the symptoms of kidney disease.

They said those were the symptoms of kidney disease.

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Hem: I got really scared.

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Hem: They [the company] didn't give me anything.

The company didn’t give me anything.

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If you employ someone…

whose kidney gets damaged,

you’re responsible for their treatment.

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We call murder a crime.

But forcing a person to work in such heat,

preventing them from drinking water,

Isn’t that a violation of their rights?

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There are millions of Hem Bahadurs.

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Dr Rishi says that in any week he sees two or three patients whose kidney problems began in the Gulf. 

Treatment is expensive and has to be paid for by the state.

Yet Nepal is one of the world’s poorest countries.

Few Nepalis have received compensation, either from the companies they worked for, or from the countries of the Gulf, which are among the world’s richest.

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The solution to this problem is accountability.

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But it is only possible when they see these workers as humans.

But that’s only possible when they see workers as human.

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MALCOLM SECTION

For migrant workers, even raising safety concerns can be dangerous, as a Kenyan called Malcolm Bidali found out. 

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I used to be a security guard in Qatar.

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I myself, have been posted outside

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In just the shortest amount of time you can be covered from head to toe

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In sweat. Like you are drenched, completely drenched.

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Its that hot

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It was around mid 2020

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This was around the peak of summer you know,

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During this time, the ministry of Labour prohibits

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People from working under the sun

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 from around 10 to 3

Malcolm was guarding buildings owned by the Qatar Foundation, a charitable trust with links to the Qatari Royal Family.

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On one occasion we had one VVIP  member of the ruling family visit the property

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She arrived at around 10 or 11 I think

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Any by this time you know the temperatures are like crazy high

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I was working in the CCTV control room

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so I could see

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people were posted on like different junctions

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And these guys were outside from 7am to the morning till around

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close to 1 probably when she left

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And during this time mind you, people are prohibited from working outside you know?

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So this was a violation actually

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This is the chair person for Qatar foundation,

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if theres any person who is supposed to be mindful of other people’s welfare its this person

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I saw people sweating, I saw people just struggling to keep still all that

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And this person came and saw people standing outside

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And did nothing about it

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And this went on for the remainder of summer and nothing was done

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Fast forward to 2021

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The guards are stilling standing outside

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For extended periods of time

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And I’m thinking, summer is just around the corner

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I have to do something about it

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I wrote an article describing what happened

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Just the reality of what we go through on a day to day

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My company gave me up

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They handed me over to the authorities

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They thought that I was working with foreign agents

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To spread this information and spoil the name of Qatar you know that

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For the first 2 weeks I had no contact with anyone

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I was blindfolded, handcuffed, all those things

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So i didn’t really know where I was

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I didn’t have any hope

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The Kenyan embassy and the ILO came to visit me 

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They mentioned that a lot of people were working to have me freed

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And all that

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So thats when I gained some level of courage

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Comm:

After a month in solitary confinement and a $6800 fine, Malcolm is now back in Kenya.

Source https://www.migrant-rights.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Malcolm-Bidali-Statement-8-19.pdf

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We cannot change the climate crisis without freedom of speech

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You have to speak up about certain things

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And for change to happen you cannot limit freedom of speech

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If Qatar gets any hotter

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I think  the people who feel it

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Are the migrant workers, the low-wage migrant workers

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WORKERS AND SOLUTIONS

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Back in Nepal, kidney patient Hem and other former migrant workers are trying to devise ways to improve conditions. Labour unions are illegal in some Gulf states, like the UAE, but workers still find ways to help each other.

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Day 2 FS5

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Hem Master Interview:

In my camp,

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Hem Master Interview:

…we put in 50 rupees each,

and started an 'association' of Nepalis.

we each put in 50 rupees ($0.40; £0.32),

and started a Nepali association.

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Hem Master Interview: And if anybody got sick out of nowhere, we'd give them the money.

If anybody suddenly got sick,

we’d give them the money.

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Hem Master Interview:

We kept it hush.

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Day 6 Sony FS5

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Many people who go to sleep at night never wake up.

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Day 6 Sony FS5

SK: So what is the solution for this?

So what’s the solution?

The main thing is to raise awareness.

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Day 6 Sony FS5

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A health assistant should be compulsory…

…in the camp.

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Day 6 Sony FS5

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If drinking water was managed,

that would help.

Dehydration causes many diseases.

I’ve seen friends suffer.

We can’t do it on our own.

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Day 6 Sony FS5

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The governments of both countries should communicate.

*** diplomacy

Our migrant workers are developing your country.

They’re driving your economy and ours.

They should be kept safe.

FINAL HEM SECTION

Hem: This is my son.

I would think about this when I was working my shifts there.

HEM: Do you have tuition in the evenings or not?

SON: Until 17:15.

How do you send your own family to this place?